亨利·詹姆斯与他异性小说美学:他者化梅西(下)  

Henry James and the Novelistic Aesthetics of Alterity: Othering Maisie

作　　者：多萝西·J.黑尔 王长才 Dorothy J. HALE;WANG Changcai

机构地区：[1]加州大学伯克利分校英语系,美国94720-1030 [2]西南交通大学人文学院中文系,四川成都611756

出　　处：《英语研究》2018年第1期53-65,共13页English Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“非自然叙述学研究”(16BZW013)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文认为,亨利·詹姆斯对小说美学的贡献超出了通常认为的他在形式和写作上的发现。对詹姆斯来说,叙述形式的问题与将虚构人物当作自主存在者进行再现的伦理问题密不可分。《梅西所知》是为英美文学传统最明确地定义了此任务界限的詹姆斯小说。本文分析了詹姆斯明确的伦理目标,即寻找正确叙述形式以最好地再现一位年轻女孩身份的内在性。詹姆斯美学方案采用的特定用语引起了批评家们的强烈反应：他们因其虚构的这个孩子的叙述命运,或赞美或谴责作者詹姆斯。This essay argues that Henry James＇ s contribution to novelistic aesthetics exceeds the formal and compositional discoveries with which he is typically credited. For James, the problem of narrative form is inextricably linked to the ethical problem of representing fictional characters as autonomous beings. What Maisie Knew is the James novel that most clearly defines the stakes of this task for the Anglo-American literary tradition. This essay analyzes James＇ s explicit ethical goals in finding the right narrative form to best represent the intrinsicality of a young girl＇ s identity. The terms of James＇s aesthetic project elicit emphatic responses from critics who either praise or blame James as author for the narrative fate of his fictional child.

关 键 词：他异性 人物自主性 伦理 亨利·詹姆斯 意识形态 自由人文主义 托妮·莫里森 小说美学 视点 种族他者性 20世纪英美小说 《梅西所知》 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]