英语小句及物性的语义偏离路径  

Semantic Deviation of English Clausal Transitivity

作　　者：王惠静[1] WANG Huijing

机构地区：[1]西南大学外国语学院

出　　处：《英语研究》2018年第1期91-99,共9页English Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学重大项目“认知语言学理论建设与汉语的认知研究”(15ZDB099);重庆市2016年社会科学规划项目“认知语法视角下语言及物性的句法、语义界面研究”(2016YBYY078)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：及物性作为动词特征的观点有其局限性。本文将及物性看作小句特征,及物性高低不同的小句共同构成一个典型范畴,体现典型效应,有典型成员与非典型成员之分。非典型及物性与典型及物性的差异体现为语义偏离。及物性的意义是及物事件类型及其参与者的概念化,因此及物性偏离可根据小句所勾勒事件的类型、施事、受事语义特征参数缺失情况来判断。参数数量和类型以不同方式引起小句及物性不同程度地偏离典型及物性,并涉及转喻等认知机制。The view of transitivity as a property of the verb has been questioned for its explanatory deficiency. In this paper, transitivity is defined as a property of the clause, and all clauses with different degrees of transitivity constitute a prototypical category exhibiting prototypical effect with typical and atypical members. The semantic extension from prototypical transitivity to atypical transitivity is called transitivity deviation. As the semantic basis of transitivity is the conceptualization of the transitive event and its participants, the degree and pattern of transitivity deviation could be judged by the semantic factors in terms of event type, agent and patient. Both the number and type of semantic factors need to be considered to find the specific degree and pattern of semantic deviation of clausal transitivity. Metonymy is also found at work in transitivity deviation.

关 键 词：小句及物性 及物性偏离 语义特征参数 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]