关于《训世评话》中的“非汉语用法”  

On the so-called non-Chinese elements in Xunshi Pinghua(《训世评话》)

作　　者：丁喜霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院 [2]河南大学语言科学与语言规划研究所,开封

出　　处：《中国语文》2018年第2期236-243,共8页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：15世纪的朝鲜汉语教科书《训世评话》是研究近代汉语的重要语料,但其语言成分比较复杂,既反映了明代前期汉语北方话口语的特点,也存在一些可能受编者母语影响或元白话影响而产生的非汉语成分,还有一些南方方言成分和文言成分。这就需要我们在深入考察客观存在的语言事实的基础上认真鉴别,既要避免误将非汉语成分当作当时汉语的特点,也要避免误将汉语固有的用法当作"非汉语用法",以保证研究结论的科学性。《训世评话》白话中"妖怪""感动""谢拜""晨早"等词的意义和用法,在同时期或较早的汉语文献中已有使用,"妖怪"和"晨早"在现代汉语南方方言中仍有使用,不宜将其视为"非汉语用法"。Compiled by a non-Chinese author in the 15 th century, Xunshi Pinghua( 《训世评话 》) is a Chinese learning textbook for Koreans,and is now one of the most important corpora for the study of modern Chinese.Given that it exhibits some non-Chinese elements which might have been influenced by the author's native language,it is necessary for researchers to identify these non-Chinese elements based on language facts,so as to avoid regarding them as features of Chinese language or taking native usages as non-Chinese elements. The research shows that the meaning and usage of yaoguai( 妖怪),gandong( 感动),xiebai( 谢拜) and chenzao( 晨 早) in Xunshi Pinghua had already appeared in earlier or contemporaneous Chinese literatures, and therefore they should not be viewed as non-Chinese elements.

关 键 词：《训世评话》 非汉语用法 语言成分 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]