适用于任意形状封闭空间的声场预测相干模型  

A coherent sound field prediction model for arbitrary shape enclosed space

作　　者：干灵锋 户文成[1] 吴瑞[1] 张斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市劳动保护科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《应用声学》2018年第2期220-225,共6页Journal of Applied Acoustics

摘　　要：针对现有几何声学的方法对封闭空间内声场进行预测时在中低频段出现较大误差的问题,该文提出一种近似圆锥声束追踪法和相干反射场理论相结合的声场预测新模型。在近似圆锥声束追踪法基础上,考虑声束轴线在边界多次反射时声压和相位的改变,最后计算不同声波之间的干涉效应,建立一种适用于任意形状封闭空间的声场预测相干模型。利用该模型对某一矩形封闭空间进行声场预测,通过对边界元法、Raynoise软件相干和非相干算法的预测结果和本模型的数值模拟结果对比。结果表明,文中提出的方法和边界元法的计算结果在中低频段非常吻合,两者的计算结果平均绝对误差为1.1 d B。本模型在中低频率下与同样考虑了相位的Raynoise相干算法相比有更好的准确性,在较高频率上,本模型计算结果与Raynoise相干算法计算结果非常吻合。Aiming at the problem that the existing geometrical acoustics method is used to predict the acoustic field with a great error in enclosed space in the middle and low frequency range, a theoretical model of acoustic field prediction based on the combination of the approximate cone-beam tracing method and the coherent reflection field theory is proposed in this paper. On the basis of approximate cone-beam tracking method, the change of sound pressure and phase is considered when the axis of the beam is reflected repeatedly at the boundary. Considering interference effects between different sound waves, a coherent prediction model is established for arbitrary enclosed space. The proposed model was experimentally used to predict the coherent sound field of a rectangular enclosure, and the results of the proposed model were respectively compared with the prediction by using the boundary element model, coherent and incoherent algorithms of Raynoise software.The results show that the proposed method and the results of the boundary element method are very consistent in the middle and low frequency, the mean absolute error is 1.1 d B. The proposed model has better accuracy than the Raynoise coherence algorithm in the middle and low frequency. At the higher frequency, the results of the model are in good agreement with the Raynoise coherence algorithm.

关 键 词：封闭空间 相干模型 圆锥声束追踪法 相位 

分 类 号：O42[理学—声学]