低气压下长间隙交直流放电特性研究  

Research of AC and DC Discharge Characteristics of Long Gap under Low Pressure

作　　者：杨亚奇[1] 李卫国[1] 夏喻[1] 袁创业 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2018年第5期1143-1150,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(51277063)

摘　　要：为研究低气压下交、直流长间隙放电特性,利用自主研制的低气压放电腔体对0.5~60 kPa气压范围内200~600 mm棒-板间隙进行交流、正极性直流和负极性直流放电实验,得到不同电压形式下的击穿电压U与气压P的关系曲线,并对曲线特征及其产生原因进行分析。研究结果表明:交流、正极性直流以及负极性直流电压下的U-P曲线差异显著,在2~4 kPa范围内直流电压下的极性效应发生反转,随气压升高直流击穿电压幅值由U_(DC(-))<U_(DC(+))变为U_(DC(+))<U_(DC(-)),P≤2 kPa时负极性直流电压下板电极表面形成的电离层是造成极性效应反转的原因;由于特定气压范围内交流电压下击穿前重复发展的局部流注放电对空间电荷密度影响显著,U_(AC)-P曲线存在饱和区。研究结果可为低气压下长空气间隙放电特性研究提供参考。To research the characteristics of AC and DC discharges under low pressure condition, this paper carried out laboratory investigations of AC and DC discharges by self-manufactured test chamber for 200-600 mm rod-plane gaps within 0.5-60 kPa. The relationship between discharge voltage U and pressure P of different voltage modes are obtained, and the characteristics of U-P curves as well as their reasons are analyzed. The results show that, the U-P curves of AC, positive DC and negative DC discharges have significant differences. Within 2-4 kPa under DC voltage, a reversal of polarity effect occurred, and the magnitude of discharge voltage under positive and negative DC voltage changed from UDC（-）〈UDC（＋） to UDC（＋）〈UDC（-） with the increase of pressure value. The ionized layer formed on the surface of plane electrode when P≤2 kPa is the cause of the reversion of polarity effect. The U-P curves of AC discharge has saturation region due to the continuous partial streamer discharges within specific pressure range. These results have reference value for the study of long gap discharge under low pressure.

关 键 词：低气压 交直流放电 空间电荷 极性效应 饱和特性 

分 类 号：TM852[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]