空间环模设备用大口径制冷机低温泵研制技术现状和发展  

Status and trends of design technology for large-scale cryopump used in space environment simulator

作　　者：孙立臣[1] 赵月帅[1] 李明利 孟冬辉[1] 邵容平[1] 史纪军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《真空》2018年第1期1-6,共6页Vacuum

摘　　要：空间环境模拟器主要用来完成航天器地面真空、热试验,一般真空室体积大、内部结构复杂,容器真空度高、产品放气量大、要求清洁真空避免油污染。因此,国内外环模设备高真空系统一般采用抽速大、极限真空高的大口径低温泵作为主泵。大口径低温泵通常根据障板和冷屏的冷却方式分为液氮屏蔽型和制冷机屏蔽型低温泵。本文主要针对这两类大口径制冷机低温泵的国内研制情况进行介绍,包括该类型低温泵的国内外现状、结构特点、技术指标、应用情况、关键技术以及大口径低温泵的性能测试方法。同时,对大口径低温泵设计、制造、测试以及使用过程中注意问题进行了探讨,对大口径低温泵研制技术的发展提出了建议。The space environment simulator was mainly used to complete the spacecraft vacuum and thermal test. In general, the vacuum chamber was large with complex internal structure, high vacuum, big product venting quantity, and cleaning vacuum to avoid oil pollution. Accordingly, the large-scale cryopump with large pumping speed and high ultimate vacuum was usually used as the main pump in the high vacuum system of the space environment simulator. According to the cooling method of the baffle and the radiation shield, the large-scale cryopump was usually divided into liquid nitrogen cooled cryopump and refrigerator cooled clyopump. The development of large-scale cryopump design technology was introduced in this paper, including the status quo at home and abroad, structural characteristics, technical indicators, application, key technology and performance test methods. The problems in the process of design, manufacture,test and operation were also discussed. At last, the develooment of design technology for large-scale cryopump was proposed.

关 键 词：空间环境模拟 低温真空泵 制冷机 冷屏 障板 

分 类 号：V416.5[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]