2006-2015年我国蝇类监测报告  

Reports on national surveillance of flies in China, 2006-2015

作　　者：吴海霞[1] 鲁亮[1] 孟凤霞[1] 郭玉红[1] 刘小波[1] 李贵昌[1] 任东升[1] 刘起勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,感染性疾病诊治协同创新中心,世界卫生组织媒介生物监测与管理合作中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2018年第1期5-10,共6页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划(2012CB955504,2012CB955503)~~

摘　　要：目的了解我国人居及周边环境蝇类的常见种类、密度及其季节消长规律,为科学有效防控蝇类提供依据。方法收集整理2006-2015年我国病媒生物监测国家级监测点蝇类数据,采用Excel 2007、Epi Info 7、ArcGIS等软件分析蝇种构成比,比较不同种类、不同环境和不同省份蝇密度差异及其季节消长规律。结果 2006-2015年捕获蝇类中大头金蝇、家蝇、丝光绿蝇和麻蝇共占捕获总数的75.54%;以大头金蝇密度最高,达2.23只/笼,在各生境均为最高;家蝇居第2位,密度为1.64只/笼,在农贸市场和餐饮外环境密度较高;丝光绿蝇居第3位,密度为1.22只/笼,在农贸市场和绿化带的密度较高;麻蝇密度居第4位,为0.88只/笼,在绿化带的密度明显高于其他生境。蝇类总密度除2010年略有上升外,2006-2015年总体呈下降趋势;大部分省份蝇密度<10.00只/笼,以海南省蝇密度最高,达74.22只/笼;蝇总密度季节消长呈明显的单峰型,高峰出现在6-8月,不同种类(4个优势种)、不同生境和大多数年份蝇密度季节消长曲线与总密度相似。结论我国人居及周边环境以大头金蝇、家蝇、丝光绿蝇和麻蝇为优势蝇种;蝇密度总体呈下降趋势,但监测不能松懈;绿化带和农贸市场生境蝇密度较高,应加强该类生境蝇类的防制;6-8月为我国蝇类活动高峰期,应注意在高峰期前及早采取防制措施。Objective To understand species, population density, and seasonality of flies in human dwellings andsurroundings in China and provide the avenue for prevention and control of flies. Methods The surveillance data of fliesby cage traps from 42 national surveillance sites were collected during 2006 and 2015. The species composition, densityand seasonal and annual fluctuations of different speciesof flies in different habitats, and provinces were compared. Results Percentage of Chrysomya megacephala, Musca domestica, Lucilia sericata, and species of Sarcophagidae together was75.54%; Density of C. megacephala was 2.23 flies per cage and was the highest. Its density in all 4 habitats were all highestof the monitored species; Musca domestica was the second and density was 1.64 flies per cage. Its density was higher in farmproduce markets and outdoor of restaurant than in the other habitats. The third was 1.22 flies per cage of L. sericata and thedensity was higher in farm produce markets and in green belts. The fourth was 0.88 flies per cage of Sarcophagidae and itsdensity in green belts was obviously higher than in other habitats. Overall, the density of flies was decreasing from 2006 to2015, except that in 2010. The density of flies from green belts and farm produce markets was similar and higher than thatin other two places monitored which was also similar. Density in most provinces was lower than 10.00 flies per cage. Hainanprovince was 74.22 and was the highest. There was a single peak in June-August during the seasonal fluctuation of totalflies. The seasonal fluctuation of every predominant species in different habitats and in most of years was similar.Conclusion Chrysomya megacephala, M. domestica, L. sericata, and species of Sarcophagidae were the predominant flyspecies in human dwellings and surroundings in China. The density of flies generally decreased since 2006.But surveillancecant be underemphasized. More attentions should be paid on fly control in green belts and in farm produce markets, fordensity in tho

关 键 词：蝇类 监测 种类组成 生境 季节消长 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]