阳离子疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺的合成及性能  

Synthesis and properties of hydrophobically associating cationic polyacrylamide

作　　者：赵禧阳 沈一丁[1] 马国艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻化工助剂化学与技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《现代化工》2018年第2期70-74,共5页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20876093);陕西科技大学研究生创新基金

摘　　要：以功能性疏水长链十八烷基二甲基烯丙基氯化铵(HM18)、丙烯酰胺(AM)和2-甲基-丙烯酰氧乙基-三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为原料,利用反相乳液聚合法合成了一种乳液型阳离子疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺HAM-D。确定了其最佳合成条件:引发剂质量分数为0.04%(以单体总质量计),w(单体)=24%,反应温度为35℃,反应时间为6 h。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、激光粒度仪、热重分析仪(TGA)和动态流变仪对HAM-D结构与性能进行表征。结果表明,HAM-D乳液粒径分布窄,稳定性好;与普通聚丙烯酰胺相比,HAM-D具有良好的耐热性;随着质量浓度的升高,HAM-D水溶液表观黏度逐渐上升,在5×104mg/L矿化水中仍可达到163 m Pa·s,表明HAM-D具有较好的增稠、耐盐性能;剪切300 s后,表观黏度由249 m Pa·s降到236m Pa·s,表现出良好的耐剪切性能。HAM-D,an emulsion type hydrophobically associating cationic polyacrylamide,is synthesized through inverse emulsion polymerization method by using a functional hydrophobic long-chain octadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride（ HM18）,acrylamide（ AM） and 2-methyl-acryloyloxyethyl-trimethylammonium chloride（ DMC） as raw materials. The optimum synthetic conditions are determined that w（ initiator） = 0. 04%（ based on the total mass of monomers）,w（ monomers） = 24%,reaction temperature is at 35℃ and reaction time lasts for 6 h. The structure and properties of the prepared HAM-D are characterized by means of FT-IR,laser particle size analyzer,thermo gravimetric analyzer（ TGA） and dynamic rheometer. The results show that HAM-D has narrow distribution of emulsion particle size and good emulsion stability. Compared with common polyacrylamide,HAM-D has good heat resistance. The apparent viscosity of HAM-D aqueous solution will increase gradually as the mass concentration of HAM-D increases. The apparent viscosity of HAM-D solution can reach 163 m Pa·s in 5 × 104 mg·L-1 mineralized water,reflecting that HAM-D has good thickening and salt resistance performances. After shearing 300 s,the apparent viscosity decreases from 249 m Pa·s to236 m Pa·s,showing an excellent shear resistance.

关 键 词：聚丙烯酰胺 疏水缔合 反相乳液聚合 阳离子 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]