根区穴施生物炭对烤烟生长及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of Biochar with Hole Application on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：王卫民[1] 张保全[1] 程昌合[1] 彭东[1] 顾俊杰 郭祥 姜芳 陈国权 赵安民 申国明[3] 高林[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,杭州310009 [2]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北恩施445000 [3]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2018年第3期32-35,70,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(0201300478)

摘　　要：为了探索生物炭在烟草生产中的应用效果,通过设置田间试验,选择水稻秸秆生物炭,采取穴施的方式,研究了其对烤烟生长及养分吸收的影响。结果表明,根区穴施生物炭后烟株株高、叶片面积等农艺指标表现较好,能够增加烟株的生物量,但随着生物炭施用量的增加,烟株生长发育受到了一定程度的抑制,其中在0.2 kg/株的生物炭用量下,烤烟整个生育期生长发育表现最好;根区穴施生物炭后,土壤pH以及阳离子交换量(CEC)具有升高趋势,并能够增加有机质、速效磷以及速效钾等养分含量,但随着穴施生物炭量的增加,土壤碱解氮含量呈下降趋势;根区穴施生物炭能够较好地促进烟株对钾元素的吸收,3个不同用量处理的烟株根、茎和叶3个部位的钾含量均有上升趋势,但在较高的生物炭施用量下(0.3 kg/株),烟株叶片氮的含量呈现出了一定的下降趋势。根区穴施生物炭也能够促进烟株根、茎和叶对磷的吸收,0.2 kg/株的施用量表现最好。因此,通过根区穴施生物炭能够促进烤烟生长以及对养分的吸收,综合考虑以0.2 kg/株的穴施生物炭用量较为适宜。In order to explore the effects of biochar on tobacco production,the effects of rice straw biochar with hole application on growth and nutrient uptake of flue-cured tobacco was studied through the field experiment. Results showed that biochar could improve the growth of flue-cured tobacco and increase the biomass of tobacco plant. However,the growth of flue-cured tobacco was inhibited with a higher application amount of biochar. In the conditions of this experiment,the growth of flue-cured tobacco was best with the hole application amount of 0.2 kg per plant. The soil pH,cation exchange capacity（CEC）,organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium increased with hole application of biochar. The content of soil available nitrogen showed a decreased trend with the increasing of the amount of biochar. The biochar with hole application could promote the absorption of potassium,and the content of potassium in root,stem and leaf of flue-cured tobacco all increased. The content of nitrogen in leaf showed a decreased trend with the higher application amount of 0.3 kg per plant. In conclusion,the biochar with hole application could promote the growth and nutrient uptake of flue-cured tobacco,and the application amount of 0.2 kg per plant was suitable.

关 键 词：生物炭 穴施 烤烟 生长 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]