许氏平鲉“特定发育期”生长与摄食特性的研究  

Growth and Feeding Characteristics of Sebastes schlegelii in ‘Specific Developmental Periods'

作　　者：王仁龙[1] 王志宝[1] 姜海滨 杜荣斌[1] 刘立明[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005 [2]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期39-50,共12页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-12-03);国家鲆鲽类产业技术体系项目(CARS-50-Z09);烟台大学博士启动基金项目(HX15B37)资助~~

摘　　要：为研究许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)仔、稚、幼鱼"特定发育期"的生长与摄食特性,在人工池养条件下,于许氏平鲉早期的8个"特定发育期"(1个初产仔鱼期(A期)、4个"危险期"(B、E、L、N期)、2个"生长转折期"(G期和O期)和1个幼鱼期(P期))开展实验,研究了鱼苗的形态、生长和摄食指标的变化。研究表明,许氏平鲉早期鱼苗各生长指标的增长速度均逐渐加快,且能够以某些"特定发育期"为界拟合为2~3段直线,其中全长、体重、体长和肛前长以2个生长转折点(G期和O期)为界呈3段式直线增长,体高以E期和O期为界呈3段式直线增长,头长、眼径以第一生长转折点(G期)为界呈2段式直线增长,吻长以E期为界呈2段式直线增长。鱼苗的摄食指标也以某些"特定发育期"为节点出现显著变化,其中A期的摄食发生率和饱食率都在较低水平,从B期开始迅速升高,到N期后稳定地保持在100%,此后消化道充塞度都在3~4级,A^P期的饱食量总体呈增长趋势,G期后饱食量增长加速。B^P期鱼苗日摄食量总体呈上升趋势,自G期开始增长速度加快且G、L、N、O期之间差异显著(P<0.05),鱼苗摄食节律为白天摄食且晨昏为摄食高峰,白天比夜间摄食活跃,2个摄食高峰期分别出现在在6:00和15:00~21:00。消化时间随鱼苗的生长发育总体呈上升→下降→再上升的趋势,而饱食时间则总体呈下降趋势。了解许氏平鲉早期阶段的生长与摄食特性变化规律,可有效指导人工育苗过程中鱼苗"特定发育期"的水环境和投饵管理,为促进鱼苗生长、摄食和提高育苗成活率提供参考。Under tank-rearing condition,the growth and feeding characteristics of larval,juvenile and young Sebastes schlegeliiin the ‘specific developmental periods＇ were studied.The experiments were carried out in the 8 ‘specific developmental periods＇,namely primiparous larvae（stage A）,4 ‘critical periods＇（stage B,E,L,N）,2 ‘growth transition periods＇（stage G and O）and juvenile stage（stage P）in the early developmental period of Sebastes schlegelii.Morphology,growthand feeding indexesof larvae in the 8 development periods were investigated.The results showed that the growth rates of the 8 indexes each for fry of S.Schlegeliifollowed a rising trend,and the indexes can be fitted in 2-3 straight lines with inflection points occuring at some ‘specific development periods＇.The total length,body weight,body length,and preanal length increased following a three-step linear growth curve with 2 inflection points（stage G and O）as the boundary;body height increased following a three-step linear growth curve with 2 inflection points（stage E and O）as the boundary;eye diameter increased following a two-step linear growth curve with one inflection point（stage G）as the boundary;and snout length increased following a two-step linear growth curve with one inflection point（stage E）as the boundary.The feeding indexes of fry also changed significantly at some‘specific development periods＇.The feeding incidence and satiation rate were at a low level in stage A,began to rise rapidly from stage B,and maximized to 100%after stage N,and degree of digestive tract fullness was all of level 3-4 after stage N,satiation in stages A though P was of rising trend and increased greatly after stage G.The daily ration in stages B through P showed an upward trend as a whole,increased faster from stage G,and reached significant value（P〈0.05）at stages G,L,N and O.Feeding rhythm of fry was daytime feeding type with two peaks of twilight,feeding was active in the daytime than at night,and the two feedin

关 键 词：许氏平鲉 特定发育期 生长 发育 摄食 

分 类 号：S965.399[农业科学—水产养殖]