面向GIC的巨磁阻电流传感器的特性研究  

Rearch on the characteristics of giant magnetoresistive current sensor for GIC

作　　者：王诗月 刘明光[1] 王圣昆 韩婉娇 齐飞 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2018年第1期67-78,共12页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:41374189);北京交通大学基本科研业务费专项(编号:2015JBM085)资助项目

摘　　要：地磁暴引发的地磁感应电流(geomagnetically induced current,GIC)侵入高铁电气系统可能影响高铁的安全运行,为了对GIC进行监测,本文设计了一个基于巨磁阻(giant magnetoresistance,GMR)效应的电流传感装置.该电流传感器装置由一个量程100 A且配备磁通聚集器的GMR传感器构成.本文探讨了传感器与导线成极端偏转角和水平偏移两种情况下对测量精度的影响,通过理论推导和有限元方法(finite element method,FEM)仿真进行了分析.仿真结果表明:当水平偏移控制在16 mm内时,测量误差<3.66%;当角度偏转控制在70°内时,测量差<6.62%;相比无磁通聚集器的传感器,灵敏度提高了19.7倍;极端位置下,测量误差减小可达121倍.同时实验结果表明,该装置测量准确度>97.2%,能够对GIC进行准确的监测.The geomagnetically induced current（GIC） caused by geomagnetic storms intrudes into the high-speed rail electrical system and may affect the safe operation. In order to monitor the GIC, a current sensing device based on the giant magnetoresistance（GMR） effect is designed. The current sensor device consists of a GMR sensor of range of 100 A and equipped with magnetic flux guide. This paper discusses the influence of the extreme deflection angle and horizontal offset between the sensor and the conductor on the measurement of the sensor, and the simulation is analyzed by theoretical derivation and finite element method（FEM）. The simulation results show that the measurement error is less than 3.66%. When the horizontal offset is controlled within 16 mm and the measurement error is less than 6.62%, when the angle deflection is controlled within 70°. The sensitivity is improved by 19.7 times and the measurement error is reduced by up to 121 times at extreme position. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the current sensor device in measuring the lightning current can be more than 97.2% in the experiment and the current sensor device can accurately monitor the GIC.

关 键 词：巨磁电阻效应 电流传感器 高磁导材料 磁通聚集器 位置敏感特性 有限元方法 GIC测量 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]