马鞍山市大学生HIV检测认知及检测意愿调查  

Investigation on cognition and willingness of HIV test among college students in Ma'anshan City

作　　者：秦其荣[1,2] 高媛 宗美[3] 朱宏斌 张振[1] 孔剑[1] 陈佰峰[4] QIN Qi-rong;GAO Yuan;ZONG Mei;ZHU Hong-bin;ZHANG Zhen;KONG Jian;CHEN Bai-feng(Department of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control,Ma＇anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma＇anshan Anhui, 243011, China;Ma＇ans han A s s oc iation of S TD and AIDS Prevention and Control, Ma＇ans han A nhui, 243011, China;Department of Immunization Planning, Dangtu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma＇anshan A nhui, 243100, China;School of Public Health in Wanan Medical College, WuhuAnhui, 241002, China)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽马鞍山243011 [2]马鞍山市性病艾滋病防治协会,安徽马鞍山243011 [3]马鞍山市当涂县疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,安徽马鞍山243100 [4]皖南医学院公共卫生学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第24期3407-3410,3414,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：共青团中央青少年禁毒防艾宣传教育项目(509)

摘　　要：目的了解马鞍山市大学生人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者检测率、检测认知、检测意愿及影响因素,为高校在大学生中开展HIV检测提供决策依据。方法在马鞍山市4所高校中采取整群抽样的方法对2 928名学生进行匿名问卷调查。结果调查对象2 928人中有437人做过HIV检测,占14.9%,曾经参加过付费的HIV检测的有225人,占检测人数的51.5%,近1年(2015年10月—2016年10月)参加过HIV检测的有83人,占检测人数的19.0%;今后想去做HIV检测的有1 102人,占37.6%,其中最愿意接受HIV血液快速检测的有529人,占48.0%,HIV唾液快速检测的有377人,占34.2%,HIV酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)测定的有196人,占17.8%。如果想做HIV检测,最愿意在各级各类医院中进行HIV检测的有239人,占21.7%,疾病预防控制中心的有570人,占51.7%,艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)门诊的有268人,占24.3%,高校医院的有23人,占2.1%,其他的有2人,占0.2%。调查对象中听说过HIV检测、听说过艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)、听说过HIV快速检测、知道提供HIV检测机构的检测组明显高于未检测组的(χ~2=30.089,P<0.01;χ~2=71.416,P<0.01;χ~2=118.763,P<0.01;χ~2=188.038,P<0.01);男生HIV检测率17.5%(254/1 451)明显高于女生HIV检测率12.4%(183/1 477)(χ~2=15.083,P<0.01)。非条件logistic回归分析显示听说过HIV快速检测(OR=1.740,95%CI:1.347~2.248)、知道提供HIV检测机构(OR=2.879,95%CI:2.272~3.648)差异有统计学意义。结论马鞍山市大学生HIV检测率较低,HIV检测相关知识低是影响大学生HIV检测的主要因素,HIV快速检测是大学生最愿意接受的检测方式。[Objective]To understand the rate of HIV test,the cognition and willingness of HIV test,and the influencing factors of HIV test among college students in Ma＇anshan City,provide the basis for making decision of HIV test in college students.[Methods]An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 928 students who were collected from 4 universities in Ma＇anshan City by cluster sampling.[Results]Among 2 928 respondents,437 have received the HIV test,accounting for 14.9%,225 have paid for the test,accounting for 51.5%,and 83 have received the HIV test in the past year（from October 2015 to October 2016）,accounting for 19.0%. There were 1 102 students wanted to do HIV test,accounting for 37.6%,of which 529 were willing to receive the rapid blood detection,accounting for 48.0%,377 were willing to receive the rapid saliva detection,accounting for 34.2%,and 196 were willing to receive the ELISA,accounting for 17.8%. Among the students who wanted to do HIV test,239 would visit the hospital,accounting for 21.7%,570 would visit the centers for disease control and prevention,accounting for 51.7%,268 would visit the AIDS voluntary counseling and testing（VCT）,accounting for 24.3%,23 would visit the university hospital,accounting for 2.1%,and 2 students had other choice,accounting for 0.2%. The rates of students have heard of HIV detection,heard of AIDS VCT,heard of HIV rapid detection,and known HIV detection institutions in test group were significantly higher than those in non-test group respectively（χ2 =30.089,P0.01;χ2 =71.416,P0.01;χ2 =118.763,P 0.01;χ2=188.038,P 0.01）. The HIV detection rate in males（17.5%,254/1 451） was significantly higher than that in females（12.4%,183/1 477）（χ2 =15.083,P 0.01）. Unconditional logistic regression revealed that heard of HIV rapid detection（OR =1.740,95% CI：1.347-2.248） and knowing HIV test institutions（OR =2.879,95 % CI：2.272-3.648） showed statistically significant.[Conclusion]HIV detection rate of college students in Ma＇anshan City is

关 键 词：大学生 人类免疫缺陷病毒 检测 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]