天津市部分医务人员对HIV感染者/AIDS患者态度和艾滋病职业防护知识调查  

A survey on attitude to HIV infections/AIDS patients and occupational protection knowledge of AIDS among some medical workers in Tianjin

作　　者：孟郊[1] 王金萍[2] 许宁[3] 周宁[4] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心办公室,天津300400 [2]天津市北辰区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,天津300400 [3]天津市疾病预防控制中心科技处,天津300400 [4]天津市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制所,天津300011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第23期3303-3306,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解天津市医护人员对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/爱滋病(AIDS)患者的态度,以及医护人员职业暴露自我防护的意识。方法采用随机抽样方法,自行设计问卷,对天津市2家三级甲等综合性医疗机构的183名医务人员进行匿名问卷调查,使用SPSS 19.0进行数据分析。结果本次接受调查的医务人员中,女性比例高于男性,以<30岁组人数居多。医务人员的艾滋病防治知识知晓率为75.41%,对HIV感染者/AIDS患者存在抵触排斥态度,发生或职业暴露的比例为74.87%,普遍缺乏艾滋病职业暴露标准防护措施的相关知识。结论医疗机构应加强对院内各类医务人员艾滋病防治知识、职业暴露防护措施的培训,加强对院内感染管理、强化发生职业暴露后的处置规范,减少医务人员对艾滋病患者的歧视,提高医务人员对职业暴露的防护意识。[Objective]To understand the attitude to HIV infections and AIDS patients of medical workers in Tianjin,and their self-protection consciousness of occupational exposure.[Methods]By the random sampling method and self-designed questionnaire,an anonymous questionnaire survey was performed among 183 medical workers from 2 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin,and the data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0.[Results]In surveyed medical workers,the proportion of women was higher than that of men,and the majority of people were under 30 years old. The awareness rate of AIDS prevention knowledge among medical workers was 75.41%,there was a rejection attitude towards HIV infections/AIDS patients,the rate of occupational exposure was 74.87%,and medical workers generally lacked the knowledge about occupational exposure protection measures of AIDS.[Conclusion] The medical institutions should strengthen the training about AIDS prevention knowledge and occupational exposure protection measures among medical workers,strengthen nosocomial infection management,standardize the disposal of occupational exposure,reduce discrimination against AIDS patients in medical personnel,and improve the protection consciousness of occupational exposure in medical workers.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征病毒 艾滋病 知晓率 职业暴露 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]