基于分布式模型模拟的茶树种植适宜性区划  

Suitability regionalization of tea trees cultivation based on distributed model simulation

作　　者：王丹丹 邱新法[1] 曾燕 施国萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [2]江苏省气候中心,南京210009 [3]南京信息工程大学地理与遥感学院,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科学》2018年第1期121-129,共9页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41330529);江苏省第四期"333高层次人才培养工程"科研项目(BRA2014373);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201411)资助

摘　　要：茶树种植适宜性区划研究可为浙江茶产业良好发展和优化布局提供理论依据。从气候、土壤、地形3类影响因子中选出10个因子对浙江省的茶树种植适宜性进行区划研究。其中,气候因子5个,分别为年平均气温、≥10℃活动积温、年降雨量、生长季平均相对湿度和年日照时数,这5个因子通过主成分分析筛选确定;土壤因子2个,即:土壤质地和土壤p H值;地形因子3个,即:海拔高度、坡度和坡向。考虑到浙江省地形复杂多样的实际情况,对所有气候因子采用分布式模型实现其空间分布精细化模拟。利用层次分析法确定各因子权重系数,采用加权求和法建立茶树种植综合区划评估模型。结合各种因子适宜性等级量化指标,最终获得茶树种植适宜性综合评价得分的空间分布。基于土地利用现状,屏蔽水域、城镇居民用地等不适宜种植区,将浙江分为适宜、较适宜和不适宜3个种植区。结果表明,浙江茶树种植各指标适宜性以气候适宜性最佳,地形适宜性次之,土壤适宜性最差。浙江茶树适宜区占参评面积(除去屏蔽区域)的45.51%,该区海拔、热量等自然资源充分满足茶树生长;较适宜区占47.05%,该区主要分布在平原地带或中高海拔地区;不适宜区占7.44%,主要分布在高山区,热量资源不足。The suitability regionalization of tea trees cultivation can provide theoretical basis for better development and the optimal distribution of tea industry in Zhejiang Province. Ten factors selected in three kinds of influencing factors such as climate, soil and terrain are used to research the suitability regionalization of tea trees cultivation in Zhejiang Province. Among the ten factors, five climate factors determined by principal components analysis are the annual mean temperature, the annual accumulated temperature above 10 ℃, the annual precipitation, the mean relative humidity in 4--10 months and the annual sunshine duration, respectively, two soil factors are soil texture and the soil pH value, and three terrain factors are altitude, slope and aspect. Considering the actual situation of the complex terrain in Zhejiang Province, the distributed models are adopted to realize the fine simulation of the spatial distribu- tion for all climate factors. Analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight coefficient of each factor and the weighted summation method is adopted to establish the regionalization assessment model of tea trees planting. Combining with the quantitative indicators of suitability grades of all factors, and even- tually the spatial distribution of suitability evaluation score is achieved. Based on the present situation of land use, shielding water areas and urban residents, where are not suitable for tea trees, Zhejiang Prov- ince into three classes including suitable, sub-suitable and unsuitable regions. Results show that the cli- mate suitability of tea trees cultivation in Zhejiang Province is divided is best, following by terrain suita- bility, and soil suitability is worst. In addition, the suitable regions account for 45.51% of the eligible area. The natural resources like altitude and heat fully meet the growth of tea trees in this region. The subsuitable regions account for 47.05% and were mainly distributed in the plains or middle or high elevation areas. The unsuitable r

关 键 词：茶树 主成分 分布式模型 适宜性区划 地理信息系统(GIS) 

分 类 号：S162.2[农业科学—农业气象学]