2016年湖北省梅雨期暴雨特征及灾情影响分析  

Analysis of Rainstorm Characteristics and Disaster Influence During the Meiyu Period of 2016 in Hubei Province

作　　者：岳岩裕[1] 吴翠红[1] 毛以伟[1] 秦鹏程[2] 周悦[2] 叶丽梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉中心气象台,湖北武汉430074 [2]武汉区域气候中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2018年第2期412-420,共9页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41505121;41675136);湖北省气象局科技发展基金(2017Y01)

摘　　要：通过对2016年湖北省梅雨期降雨量特征及其与灾情之间的关系进行分析,得到承灾体与雨量的关系及暴雨致灾阈值。结果表明,梅雨期6轮降水灾度均在3以上,6月30~7月6日的暴雨过程灾度高达8。不同承灾体(受灾人口、倒损房屋、受灾面积)与直接经济损失均为正相关,其中倒损房屋最高,达0.9以上。灾情发生阈值日最大降雨量和过程雨量分别为35 mm和50 mm。过程降雨量和有效降雨指数与灾情的相关性较好,大于0.5。承灾体中死亡人口集中区域与降水量大值区对应,分散区域与局地短时强降雨有关;而农作物绝收面积在降雨强度指数相当或偏低时,降雨叠加效应会促使其占比增加。The correlation between precipitation and hazard-bearing bodies and the disaster threshold of rainstorm were obtained via analyzing the characteristics of precipitation and its connection with disasters during the meiyu period of 2016 in Hubei province. The results indicated that the disaster degree of six precipitation are all beyond 3,especially the rainstorm from 30 June to 6 July,which is up to 8. In addition,all hazard-bearing bodies,namely the affected population,collapsed buildings and affected area,hold the positive correlation with direct economic loss. And the degree of collapsed buildings is the highest one,beyond 0. 9. The disaster threshold for daily maximum rainfall and accumulated process rainfall are 35 mm and 50 mm,respectively. What＇s more,the accumulated process rainfall and effective rainfall index have a good relationship with disasters. The concentrated area of dead corresponds to the area with high precipitation while the scattered area corresponds to the local heavy rain in short time. The proportion of crops failure will increase by rainfall superposition effect when the precipitation intensity index is almost the same or lower.

关 键 词：梅雨期 暴雨 过程降雨量 灾情 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]