机插双季稻育秧适宜播种量研究  

Studies on Suitable Sowing Rate for Mechanically-transplanted Double-cropping Rice

作　　者：张结刚[1,2] 王晓萍[2] 张美良[1] 潘晓华[1] 吴斯骏[2] 严志雁[2] 张灿权[2] 嵇素霞 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省农业科学院,江西南昌330200 [3]SQM(北京)贸易有限公司,北京100022

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2018年第1期60-66,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD02A04); 江西省重点研发计划(20161BBF60132); 江西省农业科学院创新基金博士启动项目(20151CBS005); 江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX2015001-004)

摘　　要：为确定双季稻机插育秧适宜播种量,以早稻品种淦鑫202、晚稻品种五丰优T025为材料,通过秧盘育秧试验和大田机插试验,研究了播种量对双季稻机插秧苗素质、机插质量及产量的影响。结果表明,播种量对秧苗素质、漏插率及产量影响显著。随着播种量的增加,秧苗高度、单株根数、假茎宽、百苗干物质质量及成秧率下降,秧苗个体素质降低,但单位面积秧苗数增加,秧苗成毯性增强,漏插率降低,机插质量提高,大田基本苗及有效穗数增加。产量则表现出随着播种量的增加先增加后降低的趋势,双季早、晚稻实际产量均以100 g/盘(干谷)处理最高。综合来看,机插双季稻适宜播种量(干谷)早稻为100~120 g/盘、晚稻80~100 g/盘。To determine the suitable sowing rate for the seedlings of mechanically-transplanted double- cropping rice, using early hybrid rice variety Ganxin 202 and late hybrid rice variety Wufengyou T025 as the materials, the effects of sowing rate were studied on seedling quality, machine-transplanting quality and grain yield of mechanically-transplanted double-cropping rice, by tray seedling raising and field experiment of mechanical transplanting. The results showed that the sowing rate had a marked effect on the seedling quality, machine-transplanting quality and grain yield. With increasing of sowing rate, the seedling height, the number of roots per plant, pseudo-stem width, 100-seedling dry weight and strong seedling rate were all decreased, resulting in poorer individual seedling quality, while the seedling quality of population was improved with higher number of seedlings per unit area, transplanted basic seedlings and effective panicles, improved blanketing of seedlings, reduced missing planting rate and better quality of mechanical transplanting. For grain yield, with increasing of sowing rate, it showed the tendency of first increasing but then decreasing, with the optimal sowing rate at 100 g of dry seed per tray for both early and late rice. Taken together, the optimized sowing rate for the early rice Ganxin 202 and the late rice Wufengyou T025 are recommended as 100-120 and 80-100 g of dry seed per tray, respectively, in mechanically-transplanted double-cropping rice.

关 键 词：机插 双季稻 播种量 秧苗素质 机插质量 产量 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318