应对全球气候变化的地方规划行动——减缓与适应的权衡抉择  

LOCAL PLANNING ACTION FOR ADDRESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE: DILEMMAS BETWEEN MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION

作　　者：杨东峰[1] 刘正莹 殷成志[3] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学城市规划系 [2]荷兰埃因霍芬理工大学建成环境系 [3]清华大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《城市规划》2018年第1期35-42,59,共9页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51578101;51638003)

摘　　要：气候变化的时空复杂性与环境正义的实施困境,成为地方规划行动的基本挑战。在理论层面上,"减缓—低碳"和"适应—弹性"目标/模式的内在差异及矛盾冲突,导致地方规划行动抉择的复杂化。在实践层面上,地方规划行动通常难以产生预期效果,其根源在于缺乏有效的整体协调机制。针对气候变化之下的地方规划行动,提出应遵循整体利益、责权对等、适应优先、最大收益和补偿行为等基本原则;需根据风险暴露程度、脆弱性和碳排放强度等三个衡量标准,在适应、适应为主/减缓为辅、减缓为主/适应为辅、减缓与适应兼顾、减缓等备选方案之间,做出地方规划行动的理性选择;建议推进国家制度建设,以化解地方行动在战略、知识和行动阶段的现实瓶颈。The temporal and spatial complexity of global climate change, and the implementing problem of environmental justice, pose main challenges to local planning action. In theory, there exist differences and contradictions between objectives/models of ＂mitigation-low carbon＂ and ＂adaptation-resilience＂, which leads to complication of deciding the local planning action. In practice, many local planning actions cannot bring about apparent effects as result of lacking integrated coordinative arrangement. In response to local planning actions under climate change, we propose to abide by five principles of overall interests, equal rights and responsibilities, adaptation first, maximum benefits, and compensation behaviors. According to the three criteria of risk exposure, vulnerability, and intensity of carbon emissions, it is suggested to make a rational choice of local planning actions among the five options of adaptation, adaptation supplemented by mitigation, mitigation supplemented by adaptation, mitigation and adaptation, mitigation, and others, as well as suggesting the institute construction at country level to conquer the bottlenecks of local planning at strategy, knowledge, and action phases.

关 键 词：气候变化 规划行动 减缓 适应 可持续发展 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]