国内外旅游地生命周期理论研究进展  

Progress of Tourism Area Life Cycle Theory

作　　者：祁洪玲 刘继生[1] 梅林 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,吉林长春130024 [2]大连民族学院经济管理学院,辽宁大连116650 [3]东北师范大学人文学院,吉林长春130017

出　　处：《地理科学》2018年第2期264-271,共8页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471111);中央高校科研业务经费项目(20150401)资助~~

摘　　要：在系统梳理国内外旅游地生命周期相关研究文献的基础上,首先针对中外学者在旅游地生命周期理论上争议最大的两个问题进行了分析,剖析了在基本概念上存在的争议及其原因,归纳了旅游地演化的阶段组成和阶段间拐点问题上的各种意见及意义。其次,总结出旅游地生命周期理论的相关研究主要集中在两方面：一是结合具体案例,研究不同旅游地的生命周期特征,补充和丰富旅游地生命周期内容体系;二是研究推动旅游地演化的因素和机制,以及延长旅游地生命周期阶段的对策。最后根据当前旅游研究的新趋势和未来旅游发展环境的变化,提出未来旅游地生命周期领域研究主要的重点是：不同旅游地在各阶段的发展质量,旅游地的衰退机制与转型对策,旅游业发展的重新定位。Tourism area life cycle（TALC） is the theory to describe tourism destination evolution path, which is the most important part of tourism theory system and the most primary tool in regional tourism sustainable development planning. To further develop our existing knowledge on tourism areas evolution, some divergence and confusion on the TALC theory and its basis need to be clarified. Reviewing the domestic and international main literatures, the controversy and achievement about the basic theory are summarized elaborately. First, according to the study of the origination and development of the TALC theory of Butler and the analyzing the key concept, the article concludes that the TALC theory emphasizes the evolution of tourism region system rather than tourism product, though the theory can also be an appropriate tool for analyzing the development of tourism product. Summarizing the discussion about stages division in TALC theory, researching advantages and disadvantages of different way of stages demarcation and considering the practical value of the TALC theory, the article suggests that the evolution path of tourism region should be divided to eight stages. Which are exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, reorientation, decline or rejuvenation, and exit stage. Beside the classical six stages in Butler TALC theory, the reorientation stage and exit stage are absolutely necessary in guiding the development of tourism area. Management decision and new investment will determine the tourism area＇s evolutionary routine in reorientation stage, if the reorientation effort comes to nothing,the tourism system continues to decline, then the tourism area is doomed to enter exit stage, which means industry transformation. Experience tells us that the industry transformation is very hard for developed tourism area, very few companies want to set new branches in the decline tourism area for lacking of human resource,while a large number of people cannot find a new job after unemployed in tourism

关 键 词：旅游地生命周期 旅游地演化 旅游地的衰退 旅游业发展 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理]