追踪方法学在老年患者防跌倒管理中的应用  

Effect of tracking methodology in the fall prevention management of elderly patients

作　　者：李红文[1] 高京华[2] 孙媛[3] 柳莎莎[1] 张玉莲[4] 王晓庆[5] 牛倩[6] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省人民医院老年心内科,西安710068 [2]陕西省人民医院第四临床部,西安710068 [3]陕西省人民医院院前急救,西安710068 [4]陕西省人民医院院长办公室,西安710068 [5]陕西省人民医院骨科,西安710068 [6]陕西省人民医院儿科,西安710068

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第34期4381-4385,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：陕西省科技计划统筹项目（2016KTCL03-5）

摘　　要：目的评价追踪方法学在老年患者防跌倒管理中的应用效果。方法运用追踪方法学，制定跌倒防范体系，落实追踪路径。以跌倒高风险患者为中心，从护士对跌倒防范体系的掌握程度、患者参与度、一级质控的落实三个层面进行持续追踪，通过对2016年两个季度的追踪结果对比分析，找出老年患者跌倒发生的主要原因，针对性制定改进措施，并进行效果评价。结果运用追踪方法学持续改进后，第二季度督查结果各项评分明显提高，全体护理人员对跌倒核心能力掌握明显提高，与第一季度相比差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为23.18、17.25；P〈0.01）；跌倒发生率由第一季度的6.5%下降到2.0%，患者对护理工作满意度由85.5%提升到98.5%，差异均有统计学意义（χ2值分别为6.38、14.72；P〈0.01）。结论 运用追踪方法学能有效减少老年患者跌倒事件的发生，此方法有利于护理质量的长效管理，且简单可行，便于使用，值得推广。ObjectiveTo reduce the incidence of falls in elderly patients and improve the quality of nursing safety using tracing method.MethodsThe tracking methodology was used to formulate fall prevention system and implement tracking path. The tracking centered on patients with high risk of fall and included three aspects： mastery degree of nurses on fall prevention system, participation degree of patients and the implementation of first class quality control. The comparison of tracking result analysis of two quarters in 2016 helped to find out the main reason of the occurrence of falls in elderly patients, make targeted improvement measures and evaluate the effect.ResultsAfter the continuous improvement of using tracking methodology, the scores of inspection results and the mastery degree of all nurses on fall core competence in the second quarter were significantly improved when compared to the first quarter （t=23.18, 17.25; P〈0.01） ; the incidence of falls decreased from 13 cases （6.5%） in the first quarter to 4 cases （2.0%） in the second quarter, while patients＇ satisfaction degree increased from 85.5% in the first quarter to 98.5% in the second quarter with statistically significant differences between two quarters （χ2=6.38, 14.72; P〈0.01） .ConclusionsThe application of tracing method can effectively reduce the incidence of falls in elderly patients. The method is beneficial to the long-term management of nursing quality, simple, feasible, easy to use, and worthy promoting.

关 键 词：老年人 意外跌倒 追踪方法学 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]