天然气汽车发展现状及趋势  

Current Situation and Development Trend of Natural Gas Automobiles

作　　者：陈昊[1] 韩斌 陈轶嵩 张鹏[1] 贺晶晶 马金秋 滑海宁[1] 李阳阳[1] 马文晓 谢斌 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《中国能源》2018年第2期36-41,共6页Energy of China

摘　　要：在能源结构优化、环境污染控制、气候变化约束的驱动下,天然气汽车具有较高的发展潜力。天然气汽车动力源主要有4种形式:压缩天然气(CNG)单一燃料发动机(燃料是天然气或天然气掺氢)、CNG汽油两用燃料发动机、CNG柴油双燃料发动机、液化天然气(LNG)发动机。天然气汽车主要应用于我国交通运输行业营运车辆,主要以CNG汽车、CNG/汽油两用燃料汽车的形式在出租车中应用;以CNG汽车形式在公交车中应用;以LNG汽车形式在重卡中应用。天然气汽车未来应该大力发展LNG重卡;保持CNG公交客车比例,并推动气电混合动力公交的发展;将两用燃料出租车逐步替换为CNG汽车。发展天然气汽车对我国能源结构优化、交通运输节能减排具有重要意义。Optimization of energy structure, control of environment pollution, and constraint of climate change drive the development of CNG automobiles. There are four engine modes： CNG engine fueled with CNG or mixture of CNG and HE, CNG/gasoline bi-fuel engine, CNG/diesel dual fuel engine, and LNG engine. Natural gas automobiles are mainly applied in transportation sector, with CNG automobiles, CNG/gasoline bi-fuel automobiles for taxis, with CNG automobiles for buses, and with LNG automobiles for heavy duty trucks. In the future, LNG heavy duty trucks should be developed; CNG buses and CNG electric hybrid buses should be developed; hi-fuel taxis should be substituted with CNG taxis. Natural gas automobiles play a significant role in optimization of energy structure and energy saving and emission reduction of transportation sector.

关 键 词：天然气汽车 CNG发动机 CNG/汽油两用燃料 CNG/柴油双燃料 LNG发动机 

分 类 号：TK01[动力工程及工程热物理]