非编码RNA在胚胎干细胞中的研究进展  

Research Progresses on Non-coding RNAs in Embryonic Stem Cells

作　　者：李莎莎 左祥 颜学军 彭开元 蒋星军[2] 任彩萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学肿瘤研究所,中国湖南长沙410078 [2]中南大学湘雅医院,中国湖南长沙410008

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2018年第1期67-73,86,共8页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871246;81070993);教育部高校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120162110059);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB833605);中南大学贵重仪器设备开放共享基金;中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2017zzts019)

摘　　要：非编码RNA(non-coding RNAs,ncRNAs)通常因不能编码蛋白质而被误认为是一类无用序列。近年来,随着基因组测序等相关技术的发展,对ncRNAs的研究越来越受到人们的重视,更多的ncRNAs及其生物学功能被揭示,其广泛参与细胞生长、增殖、分化、凋亡等一系列生命进程的调控。胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells,ESCs)研究是现代生物学发展最受关注的领域之一,其多能性的维持机制与分化的调控网络一直都是有待突破的核心问题,也成为了其应用于临床的主要障碍。ncRNAs在ESCs的许多生物学过程,特别是自我更新和多能性维持的过程中,发挥着重要的调控作用。ncRNAs的研究对于了解ESCs自我更新和多向分化的机制具有重要意义,关于ncRNAs与ESCs的研究是当前生命科学研究的前沿热点之一。现就ncRNAs及其在ESCs中的研究进展予以综述。Non-coding RNAs （ncRNAs） used to be regarded as a kind of useless sequences because they cannot encode proteins. In recent years, with the development of related technologies such as genome sequencing, the research on ncRNAs has attracted more and more attention since more ncRNAs and their biological functions have been revealed. ncRNAs are widely involved in a series of life processes, such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. At the same time, embryonic stem cells （ESCs） research is also one of the most popular areas of modern biology. The mechanisms underlying the maintenance of pluripotency and differentiation of ESCs and the regulatory networks in ESCs have always been the core issues needed to be clarified, and these issues have also become the major obstacles for the clinical applications of ESCs. ncRNAs play important regulatory roles in many biological processes of ESCs, particularly during the self-renewal and pluripotency maintenance of ESCs. ncRNAs research is of great significance to understand the mechanisms of ESC self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, and the research on ncRNAs and ESCs is one of the frontiers of life science research. Herein, the progresses on ncRNAs and their studies in ESCs are reviewed.

关 键 词：非编码RNA(ncRNAs) 胚胎干细胞(ESCs) 自我更新 多能性 细胞分化 

分 类 号：Q28[生物学—细胞生物学]