历史文本中的文学因素——以“解缙之死”书写差异为例的考察  

Literary Elements in Historical Texts——A Case of the Differences in the Presentation of the Death of Xie Jin

作　　者：张德建[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院 [2]中国古代散文研究中心

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第2期140-150,共11页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重大项目"中国古代散文序跋文献整理与研究"(15ZQA14)

摘　　要：从理论上说,"真实"存在于历史真实、叙述真实、文体真实三个层面之中,当历史真实不可求时,惟有进入到叙述真实和文体真实中去探究。有关解缙的历史书写就是一个典型,在有关解缙生平的四类文本中,特别是有关解缙之死的叙述中,存在叙事、文体等方面的差异,其历史文本的形成与演化也因写作背景和文学修辞的介入而不同,从最早的含混表达到客观化的叙述,解缙书写的历史文本开始出现文献征引、附录,文学色彩渐次加重,故事性增强,虚构性的野史笔记也出现在人们的视野中。对解缙书写进行具体分析,有助于理解文学要素在历史文本中的积极作用。Theoretically speaking, ＂truth＂ exists in three layers： historical reality, narrative reality, and genre reality. When historical realty is not available, we shall seek ＂ truth＂ from narrative reality and genre reality. A typical example is the historical presentation of the death of Xie Jin. In the four genres of Xie Jin＇s biographies, especially those on the narration of his death, there are differences in narrative and genre. The formation and evolvement of historical texts become different due to the varied writing background and the usage of literary diction. The earlier narration is ambiguous, and gradually becomes objective. The presentation of Xie Jin in historical texts begins to include references and appendices. The literary characteristics emerge gradually. Unofficial histories and accounts, which are more focused on the narrative and fiction, also appear. A close examination of the presentation of Xie Jin is helpful in understanding the positive effect of literary elements in historical texts.

关 键 词：解缙之死 历史真实 叙述真实 文体真实 文学因素 

分 类 号：H15[语言文字—汉语] K062[历史地理—历史学]