人口、卫生、环境与疾病——《马可波罗行纪》所载莎车居民之疾病  

The Diseases of Yarkand Recorded in the Travels of Marco Polo

作　　者：罗帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学人类学系

出　　处：《西域研究》2017年第4期61-77,共17页The Western Regions Studies

基　　金：新疆师范大学西域文史研究中心招标课题"我国新疆及阿富汗出土中古(3~9世纪)文献综合研究"(项目批号:XJEDU040215B03)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：《马可波罗行纪》英译百衲本记载了鸦儿看(今莎车)居民之奇怪疾病,过去的注释家对此一直没有作出准确的解释。本文认为,《行纪》描述的是两种疾病,即象皮病和地方性甲状腺肿病。这两种疾病并非来自马可波罗本人的观察,而是14～16世纪增添到《行纪》某些版本中的新内容。本文对这两种疾病的病因、流行时间等进行了分析,并对自汉代以来,莎车的政治、经济、人口的发展变化进行了梳理。In the English edition of The Travels of Marco Polo,strange illnesses prevalent among the Yarkand people were mentioned,but no annotators of the book has made reasonable explanations about it so far.This paper holds that two of these illnesses,i.e.elephantiasis and goiter,were not from the observation of Marco Polo himself,but the new segments added into the versions L,Z and R of Marco Polo's book between the 14th and 16th centuries.The paper analyses the etiology and the epidemic time of these two diseases and reviews the changes of the politics,economy and population in Yarkand since the Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：鸦儿看 马可波罗 象皮病 甲状腺肿 

分 类 号：D691.9[政治法律—政治学]