列管式石墨换热器失效可能性分析  

Failure Analysis of Tube Graphite Heat Exchanger by Fault Tree Analysis

作　　者：蒋凤易 田蒙奎[1] 郝立通 邵珠花 杨颖 罗祥丽 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学,贵阳550025 [2]贵州兰鑫石墨机电设备制造有限公司,福泉550500

出　　处：《中国特种设备安全》2018年第1期56-59,79,共5页China Special Equipment Safety

基　　金：贵州省石墨装备制造及应用科技创新人才团队(黔科合人才团队(2015)4004号);贵州省人社厅归国留学人员项目(黔人项目资助合同(2013)06号);贵阳国家高新区高层次人才创新创业项目资助

摘　　要：列管式石墨换热器作为一种重要的工业设备,被广泛应用于化工、农药、化肥等行业。为了减少列管式石墨换热设备因失效而造成的重大损失,对其进行综合全面的失效分析具有重要的现实意义。本文采用事故树分析法对列管式石墨换热器的失效进行研究探讨,并结合贵州某化工厂湿法磷酸浓缩的现场调研,建立了以列管式石墨换热器失效为顶事件的事故树。利用最小割集、最小径集和结构重要度分析方法对其失效原因进行了定性分析,明确了影响列管式石墨换热器失效的主要因素,并提出相应的注意事项,为相近生产工况下列管式石墨换热器的失效防护和安全运行提供了科学依据。Tube graphite heat exchanger, a kind of important industrial equipment, is widely used in the industries of chemical, pesticide, fertilizer and so on. In order to reduce the failure of tube graphite heat exchangers which caused large economic loss, making comprehensive analysis of its failure is of great significance. In this paper, the method of fault tree analysis is adopted, in combination with field survey of the phosphoric acid concentration of a chemical plant in Guizhou and tube graphite heat exchanger failure is marked as the top event of the fault tree.Meanwhile, the qualitative analysis for the failure causes is made by using minimal cut set, minimal path set and structure importance analysis, the main reason effecting tube graphite heat exchanger is cleared and the corresponding considerations are put forward, a scientific basis for failure analysis and safe operation are provided for tube graphite heat exchanger of similar production conditions.

关 键 词：列管式石墨换热器 最小割集 最小径集 结构重要度 预防措施 

分 类 号：X924[环境科学与工程—安全科学]