英汉“MP+A”中“负向A”的制约解释研究  

Explanatory adequacy of theories on adjectival constraints of “MP + A” constructions

作　　者：罗思明[1] 查如荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学科学技术学院,浙江宁波315212

出　　处：《西安外国语大学学报》2018年第1期14-18,共5页Journal of Xi’an International Studies University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"汉英‘名形表量构式'句法语义互动的历时对比研究"(项目编号:13 BYY013)的部分研究成果

摘　　要：关于"MP+A"中"A"的制约有两种主流解释观点:语义量级说和语用层级说。语义量级说从"A"或"MP"的量级结构出发解释"A"的正向绝对制约和"负向A的不可能性",采用的是单一语义解释说,其语料分析基本是"英语中心论"。语用层级说突破语义单一范围,主张使用者的生理/物理和文化知识在"A"制约上具有层级分别和作用差异,其语料分析基本是"跨语言倾向论",在"A正倾向"和"负向A的弱态义‘中和化'"上比语义量级说具有一定优势,但远未达到"充分性"。This paper presents an objective overview of and a brief comment on the explanatory adequacy of the two major theories concerning the adjectival constraints on the English and Chinese ＂MP ＋ A ＂constructions. The semantic theory of scale structure holds an absolute idea that only the positive gradable adjectives can be acceptable in the ＂MP ＋ A ＂constructions,while their negative counterparts are impossible. It is obvious that the semantic theory of scale structure representation is totally semantic and English-centered. The hierarchy of pragmatics contends that language users＇ world knowledge consists of hierarchically-arranged physical and cultural properties,which exert different effects on the acceptability of adjectives in ＂MP ＋ A＂constructions. The second theory is cross-linguistic and beyond language. Therefore,it is more explanatory than the semantic theory of scale structure representation in terms of the positive preference of adjectives and the neutralization of some negative adjectives in ＂MP ＋ A＂constructions. The article concludes with the proposal that both theories in question are not adequate in explanation.

关 键 词：“MP+A”结构 负向A 语义量级说 语用层级说 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语] H314.3