高铁发展与城乡居民收入差距:来自中国城市的证据  

High Speed Railway Development and Urban-Rural Income Inequality:Evidence from Chinese Cities

作　　者：陈丰龙[1] 徐康宁[1] 王美昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《经济评论》2018年第2期59-73,共15页Economic Review

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目"基于全球夜间灯光数据的中国实际增长率的测算及其应用"(项目号:15YJC790006)的阶段性研究成果;国家自然科学基金项目"世界经济景气波动对中国出口平稳发展的冲击效应及其传导机理与政策应对研究"(项目号:71603047);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金的资助

摘　　要：本文以2007-2014年中国275个城市为研究对象,借助高铁经停车次频率数据,考察了高铁发展对城乡居民收入差距的影响。结果显示,高铁发展总体上有利于中国城乡居民收入差距的缩小。高铁对不同类型城市的影响存在着明显的异质性特征,高铁的积极作用更偏向于中东部地区的城市、人口规模大的城市以及与大城市时空距离近的城市。此外,高铁速度快慢并没有对城乡居民收入差距的影响带来较大的差异,但始发列车和非始发列车的表现却截然不同。本文还构建了地理和历史工具变量以克服高铁的内生性问题,工具变量估计结果支持了高铁与中国城乡居民收入差距缩小存在因果关系的结论。进一步研究还发现,人口流动和资本流动是高铁发展促进中国城乡居民收入差距缩小的重要机制。This paper takes 275 cities of China from 2007 to 2014 as the object of study and explores the impact of HSR（ High Speed Railway） development on urban-rural income inequality of Chinese cities with the HSR frequency data. The results show that the development of HSR is conducive in narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas and the impact is heterogenous among cities.The positive role of HSR is more biased to cites from eastern provinces, the large population size cites as well as cities abuting large cities. In addition, the speed of HSR does not have any different impact on the urban-rural income inequality. But the performance between the origin train and the non-origin train is very different.The IV estimations support the conclusion above. Further study finds that the population flow and capital flow are important mechanisms in promoting the development of HSR to reduce the income inequality between urban and rural areas in China.

关 键 词：高铁 城乡居民收入差距 人口流动 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济]