碾磨方式和米粉粒径对稻米溶血磷脂含量的影响  

Effects of Milling and Flour Granules Size on Rice Lysophospholipids Content

作　　者：童川 颜韶兵[3] 包劲松 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所/农业部果品产后处理重点实验室/浙江省果蔬保鲜与加工技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州310021 [2]浙江大学原子核农业科学研究所,浙江杭州310029 [3]杭州市种子总站,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《核农学报》2018年第1期95-103,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31701639);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2016XZZX001-09)

摘　　要：溶血磷脂(LPLs)是一类极性脂质,常以淀粉-脂质复合物的形式存在,对稻米储藏、加工及食用品质均会造成影响。为明确不同米粉颗粒粒径中淀粉LPLs的提取效果和分布规律,采用液质联用技术,通过外标法测定了球磨和旋风磨2种碾磨方式及粗、中等、细3种米粉颗粒的稻米LPLs含量。结果表明,稻米LPLs各组分主要受基因型控制,基因型效应约占LPLs总变异的74.7%~99.5%。碾磨方式、米粉颗粒大小、基因型×碾磨方式、基因型×米粉颗粒大小、碾磨方式×米粉颗粒大小互作效应虽然也对稻米LPLs含量具有显著影响(P<0.001),但分别只占LPLs总变异的0%~2.5%、0.1%~5.9%、0%~6.7%、0%~8.3%和0.1%~1.8%。溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)16∶0、LPC18∶2、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(LPE)16∶0和LPE18∶2是稻米中最主要的LPLs组分。除LPC18∶3和LPE18∶3外,旋风磨米粉中其他LPLs组分含量显著高于球磨米粉(P<0.05),变幅为2.7%~27.4%。除LPC18∶3、LPE18∶3和LPE16∶0外,中等颗粒米粉中各LPLs组分含量显著高于粗颗粒和细颗粒米粉(P<0.05),变幅为12.0%~29.2%。本研究结果为精确测定稻米中的LPLs组分含量和稻米精深加工提供了理论依据。Rice lysophospholipids（ LPLs） is a complex class of polar lipids,which always interacts with starch to form amylose-lipid complex in endosperm and plays vital roles in rice storage,processing and eating qualities. Here in,the LPLs content of different flour granule obtained from ball or cyclone milling was determined with high performance liquid chromatography-mass,to investigate the extraction efficiency of LPLs from different rice flour granules. Analysis of variance（ ANOVA） showed the individual LPLs components were mainly controlled by genotypes,accounting for74. 7% - 99. 5% of total variance. Although the effects of milling,granule size,genotype × milling,genotype ×granule size,and milling × granule size interactions on content of LPLs were significant（ P 0. 001）,these effects only accounted for 0% - 2. 5%,0. 1% - 5. 9%,0% - 6. 7%,0% - 8. 3% and 0. 1% - 1. 8%,respectively.Lysophosphatidylcholine（ LPC） 16： 0,LPC18： 2,lysophosphatidylethanolamine（ LPE） 16： 0 and LPE18： 2 were major LPL components. The contents of individual LPL components,except LPC18： 3 and LPE18： 3,in rice flour from cyclone milling were significantly higher（ 2. 7% - 27. 4%） than those from ball milling（ P 0. 05）. Furthermore,the contents of individual LPL components,except LPC18： 3,LPE18： 3 and LPE16： 0,in medium granules were significantly higher（ 12. 0% - 29. 2%） than those in large and small granule（ P 0. 05）. This study contributed to accurately quantifying content of individual rice LPLs and deep processing and utilization of rice flour.

关 键 词：脂质 淀粉溶血磷脂 米粉颗粒 碾磨方式 稻米储藏与加工 

分 类 号：TS210.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]