阳离子絮凝剂的辐照合成及表征  

Irradiation Synthesis and Characterization of Cationic Flocculants

作　　者：汪敏[1] 赵永富[1] 吴景霞[1] 冯敏[1] 王合叶[1] 蒋希芝 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《核农学报》2018年第2期304-309,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(14)2136]

摘　　要：为开发出一种简便可靠的絮凝剂制备方法,以丙烯酰胺(AM)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)单体为供试材料,采用^(60)Co-γ辐照法进行自由基聚合反应,一步法制备阳离子絮凝剂。利用红外光谱、扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪等对絮凝剂结构和性质进行表征分析,同时考察辐照聚合反应中单体AM∶DMDAAC质量比和辐照剂量对单体转化率的影响,并针对不同粒径的絮凝剂样品进行污水处理试验。结果表明,辐照法成功制备出二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺共聚物(PDA),絮凝剂表面为多层次的立体网状结构,且在常温下性能稳定;在AM∶DMDAAC=2∶1(质量比)条件下,当辐照剂量为12 kGy时,所得聚合物单体转化率高达83.6%;粒径大于0.20 mm的絮凝剂对有机污水处理效果很好。本研究为一步法制备高效的絮凝剂样品提供了一种简单可行的方法。In order to develop a simple and reliable method for preparing flocculants,we prepared a family of cationic flocculant based on acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride monomers through the ^（60）C irradiation approach in this study. The morphology and chemical composition of the flocculant were systematically determined by infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The effects of monomer mass ratio（ AM： DMDAAC） and absorbed dose on monomer conversion were also inspected. Results showed that the flocculant products（ PDA） with multi-level three-dimensional network structure were successfully prepared by irradiation,which were stable at room temperature. When the mass ratio of AM： DMDAAC reached to 2∶ 1 and the absorbed dose was 12 kGy,the monomer conversion was high to 83. 6% . The cationic flocculant with particle size larger than 0. 20 mm showed desired performance on the organic sewage treatment. This study provided a simple and feasible method for flocculant preparation.

关 键 词：丙烯酰胺 二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵 辐照 絮凝剂 有机污水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]