我国反恐刑法分则的完善之建言——以恐怖活动犯罪的罪刑规范为视角  

The Advice on the Perfection of the Specific Provisions of Anti-terrorism Criminal Law in China——From the Perspective of the Standardization of Crime and Punishment of Terrorist Crime

作　　者：赵秉志 牛忠志[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院,北京100875 [2]山东科技大学法学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》2018年第2期61-73,共13页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目"革新刑法理论完善环境犯罪立法";项目编号:17FFX018;教育部人文社科规划基金项目"犯罪本质‘法益说’的修正及其实证研究";项目编号:15YJA820020

摘　　要："恐怖活动犯罪"宜作为刑法分则第二章"危害公共安全罪"的亚类犯罪设专节予以规定。从完善我国反恐刑法分则中的具体惩治恐怖活动犯罪立法之考虑,建议增设新的纯正的恐怖活动犯罪,即增设入境发展恐怖组织罪、包庇或纵容恐怖组织罪等纯正的恐怖活动犯罪,将基于恐怖目的实施的相应犯罪作为从重或者加重情节。在非纯正的恐怖活动犯罪的立法完善方面,建议增设危害航空飞行安全罪、危害海上航行安全罪、危害大陆架固定平台安全罪以及邮寄危险物质、物品罪和关于"核犯罪"及"核恐怖活动犯罪"。在补充和完善相应的罪刑规范时应考虑以下三个方面:一是我国惩治恐怖活动犯罪的实践需要,这是我国反恐刑法奠立的基础;二是我国担负的反恐国际义务(基于我国缔结或者参加的有关反恐国际条约),反恐刑法必须与国际条约义务相承接;三是参考、借鉴发达国家(如美国、德国、意大利、俄罗斯)等反恐刑法立法经验。恐怖主义的国际化趋势使得各国在惩治恐怖活动犯罪方面相互借鉴、取长补短,以达到严厉打击各类恐怖活动犯罪的目的。"Terrorist crime"should be stipulated as a special section of the subclass crime in the second chapter"the crime of endangering public security"of the specific provision of the criminal law. Considering the perfection of the legislation of the punishment of terrorist crimes in the specific provision of anti-terrorism criminal law in China,it is advised to add new pure crime of terrorist activities. In the aspect of the legislation perfection of nonpure terrorist crimes,it is advised to add some crimes,such as,the crime against flight safety,the crime of endangering navigation security,and so on. When supplementing and perfecting the standardization of the corresponding crime and punishment,three aspects should be considered,including China's practical need of punishing terrorist crimes,its international obligations of anti-terrorism and learning the legislation experience of anti-terrorism criminal law in the developed countries. The trend of internationalization of terrorism enables all countries to learn from each other in the aspect of punishing terrorist crimes to achieve the purpose of making serious attacks on all kinds of terrorist activities.

关 键 词：反恐刑法 恐怖活动犯罪 恐怖行为罪 入境发展恐怖组织罪 包庇或者纵容恐怖组织罪 危害大陆架固定平台安全罪 

分 类 号：D924.32[政治法律—刑法学]