有机物替代部分化肥对土壤活性有机质及碳库管理指数的影响  

Effects of Partial Substitution of Chemical Fertilizers by Organic Materials on Soil Labile Organic Matter and Carbon Pool Management Index

作　　者：张玉军[1] 董士刚 刘世亮[1] 姜桂英[1] 张弘[1] 李影[1] 郭斗斗[2] 黄绍敏[2] 申凤敏 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第1期43-47,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41401327);农业部植物营养与肥料学科群开放基金项目(2014-17);国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFD0300803)

摘　　要：为探索生物有机肥替代化肥对土壤肥力的影响,采用大田模拟试验,分析了秸秆、秸秆掺混牛粪替代不同比例化肥后土壤有机质、活性有机质、碳库管理指数等的动态变化。结果表明:不同有机物替代处理均能提高土壤总有机质含量,秸秆替代40%化肥(S3)处理效果最好,提高14.25%。秸秆替代、秸秆牛粪共同替代处理在提高土壤中活性、低活性有机质含量方面效果较好。不同活性有机质的碳库管理指数总体上以牛粪秸秆共同替代处理较高,其中高活性有机质的碳库管理指数以MS3(秸秆和牛粪共同替代40%化肥)处理最高,为175.7,中活性有机质以MS4(秸秆牛粪配施全量化肥)处理最高,为407.7,低活性有机质以MS2(秸秆牛粪共同替代30%化肥)处理最高,为533.7。总之,不同有机物替代部分化肥能有效提升土壤总有机质、不同活性有机质含量及碳库管理指数,其中秸秆牛粪共同替代30%~40%化肥效果最优。The field experiments were carried out to explore the optimum ratio of organic material to substitute chemical fertilizer in Fluvo-aquic soil in Henan province by analyzing the effects of different organic materials displacing different ratios of chemical fertilizer on the total organic matter（ TOC）,different labile organic matter（ LOM） and carbon pool management index（ CPMI）. The results showed that the TOC was obviously elevated under different treatments with organic materials,and the highest increment was 14. 25% under the treatment of straw substituting 40% chemical fertilizer（ S3）. It was more effective on promoting the moderately and lowly LOM content under straw only and straw combined with cattle manure substitution treatments. The higher CPMI value of different LOM was showed under the straw combined with cattle manure substitution treatments. The highest CPMI of highly LOM was 175. 7 in the treatment of straw combined with cattle manure substituting 40% chemical fertilizer（ MS3）. Thehighest CPMI of moderately LOM was 407. 7 in the treatment of 100% chemical fertilizer combined with straw and cattle manure（ MS4）. The highest CPMI of lowly LOM was 533. 7 in the treatment of straw combined with cattle manure substituting 30% chemical fertilizer（ MS2）. Generally,substitution of partial chemical fertilizer by different organic material could effectively improve the TOC,LOM and CPMI.Among the different substitution ratios,substitution of 30% —40% chemical fertilizer by straw and cattle manure together was the optimum ratio in Henan province.

关 键 词：化肥 秸秆 牛粪 土壤 活性有机质 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]