盐度和碱度对塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅毒性的研究  

Toxicity of Salinity and Alkalinity to Triplophysa( Hedinichthys) yarkandensis( Day) of Tarim River

作　　者：姚娜[1] 宋勇[1] 王帅[1] 陈生熬[1,2] 阿达可 刘洁雅 谢从新[2] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第2期423-428,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360635);新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室项目(HS201505;HS201704);塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKGG201604);农业部西北地区渔业资源环境科学观测实验站开放基金(2017CG03)

摘　　要：【目的】研究塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅盐碱胁迫下机体耐受和行为变化。【方法】以塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅为研究对象,通过采用生态急性毒理学试验方法,限定低温环境(13±0.5)℃,测定不同盐、碱浓度下高原鳅属鱼类耐受和喜好程度,分析低温环境中盐、碱胁迫对塔里木河水系特有叶尔羌高原鳅毒性影响。【结果】p H 6.5~7.5、温度(13±0.5)℃下,叶尔羌高原鳅12、24、48、72、96 h时盐度半致死浓度分别为20.0870‰、15.2560‰、14.1960‰、13.2990‰、12.9180‰,安全值为4.1676‰;叶尔羌高原鳅12、24、48、72、96 h时碱度半致死浓度分别为12.1590、9.9776、9.5076、8.6485、4.5220 g·L^(-1),安全值为2.7179 g·L^(-1)。对于盐碱胁迫下,叶尔羌高原鳅行为喜好程度则表现出4‰为主要盐度喜好停留区,而3~4 g·L^(-1)则为碱度喜好的范围值,行为特点相类似。研究表明,叶尔羌高原鳅在低温下盐碱毒性耐受有所减缓,行为喜好表现有所不同,塔里木河水的盐碱化严重抑制叶尔羌高原鳅的生长发育,造成其资源锐减。【结论】本研究旨在为叶尔羌高原鳅增殖保护提供科学依据。【Objective】This paper aimed to the tolerance and behavioral changes of Triplophysa（Hedinichthys）yarkandensis（Day）under the salinity and alkalinity.【Method】Triplophysa（Hedinichthys）yarkandensis（Day）was used as objects,defining a low-temperature environment（13±0.5）℃,their preferences under the gradient concentrations of salinity（S）/alkalinity（Alk）were determined,and the effects of salinity（S）/alkalinity（Alk）toxicity on the Triplophysa（Hedinichthys）yarkandensis（Day）in Tarim river were studied.【Result】When Alk was around p H 6.5-7.5 with temperature（13±1）℃,the LC_（50）of S to T.（H.）yarkandensis（Day）were 20.0870‰,16.2490‰,13.3300‰,12.5680‰and 12.3930‰at 12,24,48,72 and 96 hours,respectively,and the safe S was 4.1676‰.The LC_（50）of Alkto T.（H.）yarkandensis（Day）were 12.1590,9.9776,9.5076,8.6485 and 4.5220 g·L^（-1）at 12,24,48,72 and 96hours,respectively,and the safe Alk was 2.7179 g·L^（-1）.Among them,4‰was the main preference area,and 3-4 g·L^（-1）was the range of Alk preference.In conclusion,although the low temperature of S/Alk toxicity tolerance slowed,behavior preferences were also different of T.（H.）yarkandensis（Day）,and the S/Alk stress of Tarim water salinization seriously affected the growth and development of T.（H.）yarkandensis（Day）.【Conclusion】The present study would provide a scientific basis for the enhancement and protection of T.（H.）yarkandensis（Day）.

关 键 词：叶尔羌高原鳅 盐度 碱度 毒性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]