儿童毒蕈中毒  

Mushroom poisoning in children

作　　者：刘海燕[1] 孙正芸[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属省立医院小儿重症医学科,济南250021

出　　处：《中国小儿急救医学》2018年第2期100-103,108,共5页Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine

摘　　要：毒蕈中毒在国内外一年四季均有发生，已知的毒素有环肽类毒素、毒蕈碱、异8恶唑衍生物等。按发病时间分为早发型、迟发型和缓发型中毒三型；根据临床表现及其损害主要脏器的不同，将毒蕈中毒分为胃肠道型、神经精神型、溶血毒素型和多脏器损害型。治疗措施主要为清除毒物，对症支持治疗，应用可能有效的解毒药物，适当应用肾上腺皮质激素及血液净化治疗。避免食用不明蕈类是有效的预防措施。Because of the extreme similarity in external form between some poisonous mushroom and wild large edible fungi, mushroom poisoning often occurs because of eating the poisonous mushroom by mistake every year in home and abroad. The known poisonous mushroom toxins include cyclopeptide toxin, muscarine, isooxazole derivatives and so on. According to the onset time, it is divided into early-onset, late-onset, and slow-onset style poisoning. According to the different clinical manifestations and the main organ damage, the types of toadstool poisoning were divided into gastrointestinal type, neuropsychiatric type, hemolytic toxin type and multiple organ damage type. The main treatment includes removing the toxic substances, supporting treatment of the disease, and applying the effective antidote, adrenal corticosteroids and blood purification. Avoiding eating poisonous mushrooms is an effective preventive measure.

关 键 词：毒蕈中毒 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]