大棚甜椒配方施肥试验  

Experiment on Formula Fertilization of Sweet Pepper in Shed Greenhouse

作　　者：王书娟 陈文钊 孙超 赵懿 朱志刚 

机构地区：[1]北京市延庆区农业科学研究所,北京102100 [2]北京市延庆区农业技术推广站,北京102628

出　　处：《中国果菜》2018年第2期28-34,共7页China Fruit & Vegetable

摘　　要：本文研究了甜椒整个生育期水和氮磷钾的吸收规律,以及水溶性肥对甜椒产量、经济效益的影响。试验结果表明:在氮磷钾总养分含量一定的优化施肥条件下,从果实膨大期开始适当的调整氮、钾的施用量,可以有效地提高甜椒的产量。氮肥适当的减少并没有影响产量,而适当的增加钾肥的施用量可以有效提高产量。配方2处理氮磷钾肥每667m^2施肥量为15.6kg、6.72kg、21.56kg时,产量高于配方1,为5022kg/667m^2;甜椒在盛果期的干物质积累量较高,其次是定植缓苗期,在开花初果期干物质积累较低;甜椒不同施肥处理整个生育期对氮、钾养分的吸收较平缓,对磷养分的吸收存在先高后低的趋势,养分吸收值整体趋势是钾>氮>磷,氮、磷的吸收峰值出现在开花期、初果期,钾的吸收峰值出现在开花期、初果期、盛果期;甜椒对氮磷钾平衡施用,缺一不可,有机肥也必不可少,有机肥在改良土壤的同时,有机肥矿化提供氮源,满足甜椒对氮磷钾的吸收,有一定的增产效果。The effects of water-soluble fertilizer on the yield and economic benefit of sweet pepper and theabsorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the whole growth period were studied. The results showedthat the yield of sweet pepper could be increased effectively by adjusting the application amount of nitrogenand potassium from the stage of fruit expansion, and the yield could be increased effectively by increasing theapplication amount of potassium fertilizer. The yield of formula fertilization 2 was 5022kg/667m2, which washigher than formula 1, when the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus potassium fertilizer treated was 15.6kg,6.72kg and 21.56kg. The dry matter accumulation of sweet pepper was higher in the fruit stage, followed byplanting and slowing down in the seedling stage, and the dry matter accumulation was lower in the early fruit stage. The absorption of nitrogen and potassium in different growth period of sweet pepper was relativelymoderate, the absorption of phosphorus was higher and lower. The overall trend of nutrient absorption waspotassium〉nitrogen〉phosphorus. The application of sweet pepper to balanced nitrogen and phosphoruspotassium is not necessary, organic fertilizer is also indispensable, while organic fertilizer in improving soil,organic fertilizer mineralization provides nitrogen source, meeting sweet pepper to absorption of potassiumnitrogen and phosphorus, there is a certain increase effect.

关 键 词：甜椒 配方施肥 生长势 产量 干物质含量 氮磷钾吸收规律 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]