东盟预防性外交的规范塑造:内涵、策略与实践  

Shaping the Norms of ASEAN's Preventive Diplomacy:Connotation,Strategy and Practice

作　　者：吴琳 

机构地区：[1]外交学院亚洲研究所

出　　处：《国际关系研究》2017年第5期99-115,共17页Journal of International Relations

基　　金：亚洲区域合作思想库网络项目专项经费的资助

摘　　要：缘起于联合国、广泛扩散和运用于全球各大区域的预防性外交规范,在东盟的主动塑造之下逐渐被亚太地区国家所认知和接受,已成为管控地区冲突、推动地区预防性安全文化形成的重要的理念和政策支柱。东盟作为一个弱小行为体的联盟,如何在地区预防性外交的规范塑造中发挥着独特而主导的作用,是我们观察东盟未来的关键切入点。东盟通过重构预防性外交内涵、构建泛地区机制、在机制中确立起"东盟方式"与预防性外交的规范联系以及强化东盟规范实践的先行作用等策略手段,初步实现了对预防性外交的规范塑造。然而,弱东盟的基本特性毫无疑问是东盟持续主导预防性外交规范塑造进程的重要阻碍,导致东盟的预防性外交具有很强的有限性和局限性。其集中体现是规范实践的情境依赖模式,这在一定程度上削弱了东盟作为预防性外交规范塑造者和实践者的合法性地位。未来,随着东盟共同体程度的提高,它有可能更加积极地谋求在地区预防性外交规范构建上的主导作用,但受制于"弱东盟"特性和地区大国的规范竞争,由东盟主导塑造的预防性外交内涵、机制和实践将面临挑战。Under the shaping of ASEAN on its own initiative,the norms of preventive diplomacy,originated in the United Nations,widely spread and applied to the major regions of the world,and gradually recognized and accepted by the Asia-Pacific countries,have become the important ideas and policy pillars to manage regional conflicts and promote the formation of a culture of regional preventive safety.As a union of weak actors,how ASEAN play a unique and a leading role in shaping the norms of regional preventive diplomacy is a key entry point for us to observe the future of ASEAN.Through the strategies and instruments such as reconstructing the connotation of preventive diplomacy,building a pan-regional mechanism,establishing the normative link between the ASEAN Way and preventive diplomacy in the mechanism,and strengthen the normative practice of ASEAN,ASEAN has realized the shaping of the norms of preventive diplomacy preliminarily.However,the basic characteristics of a weak ASEAN are undoubtedly an important obstacle to ASEAN to play the leading role continuously in the process of shaping the norms of preventive diplomacy,leading to the result that ASEAN's preventive diplomacy has strong limitations and boundaries.This is mainly embodied in the pattern of contextual dependence of normative practice,to a certain extent,undermining its legitimacy as a major builder and practitioner of the norms of preventive diplomacy.In the future,with the improvement of the degree of the ASEAN community,it is possible for ASEAN to actively pursue a leading role in shaping the norms of regional preventive diplomacy,subject to the characteristics of a weak ASEAN and the competition for the norms among regional powers,the connotations,mechanisms and practices of preventive diplomacy shaped by the domination of ASEAN will face challenges.

关 键 词：预防性外交 规范塑造 弱东盟 东盟方式 情境依赖 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]