乌江渡水库养殖鱼类汞及脂肪酸的组成特征  

Composition characters of mercury and fatty acids in cultured fish from Wujiangdu Reservoir

作　　者：林丹 林晶 丁丽 杨光红 闫海鱼[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院,贵阳550025 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所,环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第3期786-792,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41273099、40973083、41563012)、中瑞汞管理研究框架计划(SmaReF项目号：D0697801)资助.

摘　　要：为了评估网箱鱼营养价值,了解乌江渡水库养殖鱼的汞含量及脂肪酸的组成,随机采集优势鱼10种共计120个样品,测定了总汞、甲基汞以及包括长链不饱和脂肪酸(n6/n3 PUFA)和EPA、DHA等形态的脂肪酸。结果显示:乌江渡水库养殖鱼的总汞含量在3.50~185.05 ng·g-1,平均含量为23.90 ng·g-1;甲基汞含量在0.16~49.09 ng·g-1,平均含量为7.78 ng·g-1。乌江渡水库养殖鱼汞含量总体较低,均未超过我国水产品食用安全标准。同时,样品中的人体必需脂肪酸n3 PUFA中的EPA+DHA含量以鲫鱼最高,肉食性的鲶鱼最低。通过对n6/n3 PUFA比值分析发现,乌江养殖鱼除了富含EPA和DHA同时也富含较高的n6PUFA。对于乌江渡水库养殖鱼来说,武昌鱼、白鲢、草鱼、青鱼以及丁桂鱼是含有较高EPA+DHA和较低甲基汞的鱼种,具有较高的营养价值。To evaluate the nutrient value and estimate the mercury concentration and fatty acids composition in the cultured fishes of Wujiangdu Reservoir, we randomly collected 120 samples of 10 dominant fish species. The concentrations of THg, MeHg and polyunsaturated fatty acids （n6/n3 PUFA） and DHA and EPA （speciation of fatty acids） in fishes were analyzed. The results showed that the concentration of THg in cultured fishes varied from 3.50 to 185.05 ng·g-1, with an average value of 23.90 ng·g-1. The concentration of MeHg varied from 0.16 to 49.09ng·g-1, with an average value of 7.78 ng·g-1. The concentrations of THg in cultured fishes were low, and did not exceed the limit of provisions of China’s edible standards of contaminants in aquatic products. Furthermore, the content of EPA ＋ DHA in n3 PUFA, the essential fatty acids to human body, was the highest in crucian carp, and the lowest in carnivorous catfish. After analyzing the ratio of n6/n3 PUFA of samples, we found that the fishes enriched with n6 PUFA as well as EPA and DHA. In conclusion,Parabramis pekinensis, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharynodon idellus, Mylopharyngodon piceus, and Tinca tinca are fishes with higher concentration of EPA and DHA and lower concentration of MeHg, being better dietary for human health.

关 键 词：养殖鱼 汞含量 不饱和脂肪酸 人体健康 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]