三种日照观测设备性能比对及影响因子分析  

Comparative Performance Analysis of Three Kinds of Sunshine Observation Equipment and Their Influencing Factors

作　　者：杜传耀 李栋 张天明 宋伯钊 尹佳莉 王璐 于丽萍 张春波 

机构地区：[1]北京市观象台,北京100176

出　　处：《气象科技》2018年第1期29-33,共5页Meteorological Science and Technology

摘　　要：利用2016年8—12月北京观象台直接辐射传感器、FS-RZ1型日照计以及暗筒式日照计观测数据,对3种测量设备进行了综合对比分析。结果表明:3种传感器两两对比的绝对偏差和相对偏差,在雾霾日明显高于无雾霾日。在雾霾日,自动跟踪直接辐射传感器测量值比另外两种偏高,FS-RZ1日照计比暗筒式日照计测量值偏低;在无雾霾日,FS-RZ1日照计测量值比另外两种测量值都要偏低,暗筒式日照计比自动跟踪直接辐射传感器测量值偏高;暗筒式日照计受日照纸人为制作因素影响,测量值会出现高低不均。FS-RZ1日照计受多云天气影响,测量值会偏低。直接辐射传感器测量方式最贴近WMO对日照时数的定义,但在出现机械跟踪偏差时,测量值会偏低。In this paper,the measuring results of three kinds of equipment for sunshine are analyzed by using the data collected by the direct radiation sensors,FS-RZ1 sunshine recorder,and Dark-Tube sunshine recorder from August to December in 2016.The results show that：the absolute deviation and relative deviation are obviously higher on fog and haze days than those on non-fog and haze days between any two of three.The sunshine measurements from the automatic tracking direct radiation sensor are higher than those of the other two,and the measurements of the FS-RZ1 sunshine recorder are lower than those of the Dark-Tube sunshine recorder.On non-fog and haze days,the measured values of the FS-RZ1 sunshine recorder are lower than the other two,and the measurements of the Dark-Tube sunshine recorder are higher than those of the automatic tracking direct radiation sensor.The measurements of the Dark tube sunshine are higher or lower because of the sunshine paper problem in production.The FS-RZ1 sunshine recorder is affected by cloudy weather and the measurements are lower.The measurement method of the automatic tracking direct radiation sensor is the closest to the WMO definition of sunshine duration,but in case of mechanical tracking deviation,the measurements are lower.

关 键 词：日照计 日照时数 测量偏差 影响因素 

分 类 号：P414.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]