输尿管末端结石的超声随访价值  

Study on the Value of Ultrasound in Following Up of Distal Ureteral Calculi

作　　者：王小林 吴小云[1] 

机构地区：[1]宜兴市人民医院超声医学科,江苏宜兴214200

出　　处：《医疗装备》2018年第5期25-26,共2页Medical Equipment

摘　　要：目的探讨利用超声(US)随访输尿管末端结石的准确性及应用价值。方法收集2013年1月至2016年12月以CT诊断为输尿管下段结石的168例患者。采用t检验或配对t检验进行统计学分析,评估US检测的诊断效能。结果肥胖患者中36.00%(18/50)显示输尿管走行欠佳,非肥胖患者中仅2.04%(2/98)显示欠佳,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。US对输尿管末端结石的诊断灵敏度为95.50%,特异度为98.90%。结石平均大小为(9.2±2.72)mm,输尿管可显示的长度为(33.6±14.29)mm,结石距离输尿管与膀胱结合部(UVJ)为(16.4±11.9)mm。US对膀胱容量<120 ml的患者中20.00%(8/40)未能做出诊断,而膀胱容量≥120 ml的患者中仅0.93%(1/108),差异有统计学意义(P=0.0006)。结论肥胖是影响US显示输尿管的因素;膀胱容量<120 ml是US未能做出诊断的影响因素;经腹部超声在适当条件下能够正确诊断距离UVJ 36 mm内的输尿管末端结石。Objective To assess accuracy and clinical value of ultrasound（US） in following up of distal ureteral calculi. Methods Data of 168 patients with distal ureteral calculi confirmed by CT were analyzed. From January 2013 to December 2016, 103 male（age range, 20~91 years; mean age,（49±12） years and 65 female（age range, 34~77 years; mean age,（44±14） years were recruited. The diagnostic efficiency of US was evaluated by t test or paired t test. Results Tortuous or narrow ureters were detected in 36%（18/50） obese patients and 2.04%（2/98） nonobese patients, and the difference was statistically significant（P=0.001）. The sensitivity and specificity of US in diagnosing distal ureteral calculi were 95.50% and 98.90%, respectively. Mean stone length was（9.2±2.72） mm, mean ureteral length visualized was（33.6±14.29） mm, and mean distance of calculi＇s position from the ureterovesical junction（UVJ） was（16.4±11.9） mm. Nondiagnostic results were obtained in 20.00%（8/40） patients with bladder volume of less than 120 ml and in 0.93%（1/108） patients with bladder volume of 120 ml or more, and the difference was statistically significant（P=0.006）. Conclusion Obese is one of the factors affecting the US image. Nondiagnostic results are related to bladder volume of less than 120 ml. Under proper conditions, ureteral calculi within UVJ of 36 mm can be accurately diagnosed by transabdominal US.

关 键 词：超声 输尿管结石 随访 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]