植物花香物质合成与调控研究进展  

Advances Studies on the Synthesis and Regulation of Floral Substances in Plant

作　　者：李海燕 李火根[2] 杨秀莲[1] 岳远征[1] 徐晨[1] 丁文杰 王良桂[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,南京210037 [2]南京林业大学林木遗传和基因工程重点实验室,南京210037

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第1期123-129,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家科技部十二五科技支撑计划项目(2013BA001B06)资助

摘　　要：花香是观赏植物重要的观赏性状之一,深受消费者的欢迎。花香物质主要是萜类和苯环型化合物。萜类化合物中的单萜和倍半萜是观赏植物主要的花香成分,它们分别是通过MVA和MEP途径,在萜类合酶的催化作用下合成。萜类合酶的种类和功能决定了萜类物质的多样性,随着大量有价值的萜类被发现,萜类合酶已成为萜类化合物生物合成及调控的研究焦点。苯环型/苯丙烷类是花香成分的第二大类物质。目前从观赏植物中已经分离出大量的花香物质合成基因,并对它们的结构、功能及表达模式进行了分析研究;同时发现一些转录因子调控萜类和苯丙烷代谢途径基因表达,这些为人们了解花香释放规律,使用基因工程定向改变花香物质成分和含量提供理论基础。本综述对观赏植物的花香成分、测定和分析方法,编码花香物质合成的关键酶基因及迄今发现的调控花香物质合成的转录因子等方面进行了综述。Floral scent has become one of the most important traits for ornamental plants,which is popular with consumers.The main components of floral scent are terpenoids and benzene/phenylpropane.Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in terpenoids are the floral volatiles of ornamental plants.They are synthesized by the catalysis of terpene synthase through MVA and MEP pathways,respectively.The types and functions of terpene synthase determine the diversity of terpenoids.With a large number of valuable terpenes found,terpene synthase has become the focus of researching on floral metabolism.Benzene/phenylpropane is the second largest class of floral constituents.At present,many synthetic genes have been isolated from ornamental plants and their structures,functions and expression patterns have been analyzed.Meantime some transcription factors have been found to regulate these gene expression,which provides a theoretical basis to understand the flowers how to release fragrance and use genetic engineering to change composition and content of fragrance.In this study,the composition,identification and analysis method of floral scent,the key enzymes and the transcription factors of the floral synthesis were reviewed.

关 键 词：花香 花香化合物代谢途径 萜类合酶 基因克隆 转录因子 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]