基于UNMIX模型的矿区周边农田土壤重金属源解析  

Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils Around Mining Area Based on UNMIX Model

作　　者：卢鑫[1,2,3] 胡文友 黄标[1] 李元[2] 祖艳群[2] 湛方栋[2] 邝荣禧[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [3]上海市岩土地质研究院有限公司,上海200072 [4]江苏省地质调查研究院,南京210018

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第3期1421-1429,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委云南联合基金项目(U1202236);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD05B04);中国科学院南京土壤所一三五计划和领域前沿重点项目(ISSASIP1629)

摘　　要：采集了云南省会泽县铅锌矿区周边42个农田土壤样品,测定了14种元素的含量,应用UNMIX模型进行了土壤重金属源解析的研究,并利用Arc GIS地统计分析模块中的反距离加权插值法分析了污染严重的6种重金属的空间分布,进一步验证源解析结果.结果表明:(1)研究区土壤中Pb、Zn、Cd污染较为严重,均超过当地土壤背景值的数十倍.(2)UNMIX模型解析出的3个土壤重金属污染来源分别为工业活动造成的人为污染源(源1),源贡献率为16.32%;燃煤和施肥导致的污染源(源2),源贡献率为68.26%;矿山开采导致的人为污染源及土壤母质造成的自然污染源的综合污染源(源3),源贡献率为15.42%.(3)研究区的农田土壤重金属污染的空间分布格局与当地的土地利用类型和UNMIX模型解析的结果基本吻合,表明UNMIX模型可以很好地应用于矿区周边农田土壤重金属源解析研究.Forty-two farmland soil samples were collected from the mining area of Huize City,Yunnan Province,to identify the sources of metals in the farmland soils,and 14 selected elements in farmland soils were detected. The UNMIX model was applied to identify the sources of the metals. The inverse distance weighted interpolation method of statistical analysis in Arc GIS was used to develop a spatial distribution map of the six severely polluted metals to validate the source apportionment results of the UNMIX model. The results indicated that：（1） the metals,Pb,Zn,and Cd,in the studied farmland soils were seriously polluted according to the soil background values of Yunnan Province and the Chinese environmental quality standard;（2） there were three potential sources of metals according to UNMIX model： source 1 was the anthropogenic sources caused by industrial activities with a source contribution rate of 16. 32%;source 2 was the anthropogenic sources caused by coal combustion and fertilization with a source contribution rate of 68. 26%; and source 3 was the combined sources caused by mining related activities and soil parent materials with a source contribution rate of15. 42%; and（3） the spatial distribution of selected metals was in accordance with the local land-use and the results of the UNMIX model. Therefore,the UNMIX model can be effectively applied to the source apportionment of heavy metals in farmland soils around the mining area.

关 键 词：矿山开采 农田土壤 重金属 UNMIX模型 源解析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825