城市化进程中的土地自然资本利用动态分析  

The Use of Land Natural Capital in the Context of Urbanization

作　　者：方恺[1,2] 吴次芳[1] 董亮[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,中国杭州310058 [2]荷兰莱顿大学环境科学研究所 [3]日本国立环境研究所

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2018年第1期1-13,共13页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71704157);浙江省高校重大人文社科项目攻关计划资助(2016GH005);浙江省软科学研究计划项目(2017C35003);钱江人才计划(QJC1602010);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金~~

摘　　要：论文聚焦城市化进程中的土地自然资本利用演变,从生产性视角定义了土地足迹和土地承载力的核算方法,在此基础上运用一个区分自然资本流量与存量、可以进行"产品—地类—区域"尺度转换的三维足迹模型,对2000—2014年贵阳市的土地自然资本利用状况进行了系统分析。结果表明:过去15 a贵阳市的土地自然资本流动性提高了39.4%,存量消耗强度降低了15.7%。耕地自然资本的流量占用规模和存量消耗强度均为最大,农业生产结构逐渐由粮食主导型向蔬果主导型转变;林地取代草地成为自然资本利用第二大地类,其生态盈余是区域自然资本流量增加的主要来源;草地自然资本的存量-流量利用比虽有大幅回落,但仍存在较大的反弹风险;建设地对自然资本流量的占用规模超越草地仅次于林地,并与城市化率在1%的水平上显著正相关;水域的自然资本利用占比最小,且由以存量消耗为主过渡到以流量占用为主。论文从区域和地类两个层面揭示了城乡土地利用变化与自然资本流量占用和存量消耗之间的关系,为提升足迹核算与分析方法的科学性和标准化提供了参考依据。The paper focused on the changes in natural capital use of urban and rural lands.It redefined the land footprint and land carrying capacity from the production perspective,and applied a revised 3D land footprint model which can differentiate the flows and stocks of natural capital between the scales of product,land and region.Then,the land natural capital use of Guiyang City in 2000-2014 was investigated.The results show that the mobility of natural capital flows increased by 39.4% while the depletion intensity of natural capital stocks decreased by 15.7%.There was a significant change in the composition of land natural capital use,as proven by the growing diverse sources of natural capital flows.Specifically,the largest appropriation of flows and depletion of stocks of land natural capital was found in cropland.However,the gap between cropland and other four land types was shrinking as a result of the reform of the supply front.The dietary supply patterns in Guiyang transformed from crop-dominated to vegetable-dominated.The expanding flows of natural capital benefitting from ecological surplus allowed the forest to have the second-largest share of natural capital use.The stock-flow utilization ratio of natural capital declined remarkably when it comes to the grassland,irrespective of the considerable risk of rebound.The built-up land attracted many of the natural capital flows and thus replaced grassland to be the third-largest land type in terms of natural capital use.There was a significant positive correlation between the magnitude of natural capital use in built-up land and the urbanization rate of Guiyang.The water body accounted for the least amount of natural capital use,and its natural capital use shifted from stock depletion-dominated to flow appropriation-dominated.The research to some extent exposited the nexus between the land use change and the flow-stock dynamics of natural capital in Guiyang City,and thus provided a reference for further scientific discussions on improving the robustness and stand

关 键 词：自然资本 城市化 土地足迹 三维模型 贵阳市 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] F205