感音神经性听力损失患者不同噪声模式下的言语识别能力研究  

Speech intelligibility under noise condit ions in sensorineural hearing-impaired

作　　者：李楠[1] 王硕[1] 董瑞娟[1] 陈静[1] 王媛[1] 刘冬鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学)北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所,北京100730

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2018年第2期86-88,共3页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81200754);2012北京市科技新星计划资助项目(Z121107002512033);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(7122034);北京市自然科学基金青年项目(7154190);北京市科协金桥工程种子资金项目(ZZ16049);首都卫生发展科研专项基金项目(2011-1017-04);首都医科大学基础-临床科研合作基金项目(12JL46);北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才基金项目(2015-3-012);2017北京市东城区优秀人才培养资助项目联合资助

摘　　要：目的研究不同噪声模式对听力正常者和感音神经性听力损失者言语识别能力的影响。方法通过MATLAB软件播放儿童版汉语普通话噪声下言语测试句表,测试25名听力正常受试者和20例感音神经性聋受试者分别在安静环境、语谱噪声、双人语噪声下的言语识别能力,分析两者在安静和两种噪声模式下对语句感知能力的差异。结果随信噪比降低,听力正常者在语谱噪声下言语识别率低于双人语噪声,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。感音神经性听力损失者在信噪比+5 d B时,双人语噪声下言语识别率低于语谱噪声,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论两种噪声模式对比,听力正常者在双人语噪声下言语识别率更高,感音神经性听力损失者在语谱噪声下言语识别率更高。OBJECTIVE To study the impacts of different noise patterns on speech perception in normal hearing subjects and patients with sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS Mandarin Hearing in Noise Test for Children was played by MATLAB software in this study.The speech intelligibility of 25 normal hearing subjects and20 patients with sensorineural hearing loss in quiet, speechshaped noise and two-talker babbles were tested. The differences between normal hearing subjects and patients with sensorineural hearing loss in quiet and noise conditions were analyzed. RESULTS With the decrease of signaltonoise ratios, the speech intelligibility of normal hearing subjects in speech-shaped noise pattern was declining more severely compared with the two-talker babbles pattern but there were no significant differences between them（P〉0.05）. There were significant statistical differences in speech intelligibility under quiet, speech-shaped noise and two-talker babbles at 5 dB SNR（P〈0.05） for patients with sensorineural hearing loss. And the speech recognition rate in speech-shaped noise decreased more remarkable than that in the two-talker babbles. CONCLUSION Compared two noise patterns, the accuracy of speech recognition for normal hearing subjects in two-talker babbles was higher,while the speech intelligibility was better for patients with sensorineural hearing loss in speech-shaped noise.

关 键 词：听觉丧失 感音神经性 噪声 言语知觉 精细结构信息 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]