粉末活性炭与单壁碳纳米管对水中多氯联苯的吸附  

Adsorption of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Water by Powdered Activated Carbon and Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes

作　　者：曹秀芹[1] 李志强[1] 程琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2018年第5期130-136,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：北京市教委(北京市自然科学基金)科技重点项目(KZ201310016017)资助

摘　　要：多氯联苯(PCBs)有较强的憎水性,在水中的溶解度很小,主要以与天然有机物结合,或附着于颗粒物的形式存在。粉末活性炭(PAC)和单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)对非极性较强的有机物有较好的吸附去除效果。通过研究粉末活性炭和单壁碳纳米管表面的物理化学性质,并对比研究二者对水中多氯联苯的吸附效能,包括吸附动力学和吸附等温线以及对实验数据进行相应的吸附模型拟合可知,粉末活性炭和碳纳米管对PCBs均有较好的吸附效果。10 min时粉末活性炭对多氯联苯的吸附量可达平衡吸附量的75%以上;40 min时可达90%以上;100 min以后吸附基本达到平衡。10 min时单壁碳纳米管对多氯联苯的吸附量可达平衡吸附量的60%以上,40 min时可达90%以上,80 min以后吸附基本达到平衡。Polychlorinated biphenyls（ PCBs） had strong hydrophobicity and low solubility,mainly combined with natural organic matter or attached to particles. Powdered activated carbon（ PAC） and single-walled carbon nanotubes（ SWCNTs） had better adsorption and removal effects on non-polar strong organic matter. Experimental results show that powdered activated carbon and single-walled carbon nanotubes both had good adsorption effect on PCBs,through the study of the physicochemical properties on the surface of powdered activated carbon and singlewalled carbon nanotubes,and the comparative discussions on activated carbon and carbon nanotube adsorption efficiency of PCBs in water including adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms,and the corresponding adsorption model fitting to experimental data. The powdered activated carbon adsorption capacity of 10 min of PCBs could reach more than 75% of the equilibrium adsorption quantity,90% above 40 min,and the adsorption was basically balanced after 100 min. And the adsorption capacity of single-walled carbon nanotubes to PCBs of 10 min could reach more than 60% of the equilibrium adsorption capacity,90% above 40 min,and the adsorption was basically balanced after 80 min. 10 min single-walled carbon nanotube adsorption capacity of polychlorinated biphenyls（ PCBs） could reach more than 60% of the equilibrium adsorption capacity,40 min up to 90%,the adsorption reached equilibrium after 80 min.

关 键 词：活性炭 单壁碳纳米管 多氯联苯 吸附 拟一级动力学 拟二级动力学 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]