化工园区目标储罐受撞击荷载的易损性分析  

Vulnerability analysis of target tank in chemical industry park under impact load

作　　者：陈国华[1] 祁帅[1] 胡昆 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学安全科学与工程研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《化工进展》2018年第3期1194-1200,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21576102)

摘　　要：化工园区或厂区内,立式储罐撞击荷载的易损性能够反映其抵抗爆炸碎片撞击破坏的能力。本文将立式储罐在爆炸碎片撞击下的破坏失效问题界定为目标储罐撞击荷载的易损性问题,分析得到爆炸碎片随机参数分布。基于最大塑性应变准则构建了目标储罐在爆炸碎片撞击作用下的破裂失效极限状态方程并验证了方程的准确性。应用蒙特卡罗模拟绘制目标储罐在爆炸碎片撞击下的易损性曲线,得出碎片的撞击速度是影响储罐动力学响应的主要因素,撞击角在10°~40°时,角度变化会显著影响爆炸碎片的破坏能力。通过随机参数敏感性分析得出,储罐材料密度、撞击速度与目标储罐破裂失效概率正相关,储罐材料屈服强度、壁厚、碎片质量、撞击角与目标储罐破裂失效概率负相关;在设计制造大型立式储罐时,为了降低撞击荷载易损性,可以选用低密度、高强度级别的钢材,在满足储存工艺要求、施工能力与经济预算的前提下,选用厚度较大的圈板作为罐壁等。In chemical parks or plants,the vulnerability of vertical tank to impact loading can reflect its ability to resist the impact of blast fragments. The failure problem of vertical tank subjected to impact of fragments was defined as the vulnerability of target tank to impact loading,and the random parameter distributions of fragments were obtained. The failure limit state equation of target tank subjected to impact of fragments was established based on the maximum plastic strain criterion and the accuracy was validated. The vulnerability curves of target tank under impact of fragments were plotted by Monte-Carlo simulation. It was found that the impact velocity of fragments was the main factor affecting the dynamic response of target tank. The change of angle would significantly affected the destructive capacity of fragments when the impact angle was between 10°and 40°. By random parameter sensitivity analysis,the tank material density and impact velocity had positive correlation with target tank rupture failure probability,while the target tank yield strength,wall thickness,the mass of fragments and impact angle had negative correlation with it. In order to reduce the vulnerability of the impact load when large vertical tanks were in stage of design and manufacture,the low density and high strength steel could be used,and the thicker ring plate could be selected as the tank wall under the premise of storage process requirements,construction capacity and economic budget et al.

关 键 词：目标储罐 撞击荷载 极限状态 蒙特卡罗模拟 易损性 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]