挖掘机工作装置的空间力学分析方法  

Spatial mechanics analysis method for working device of excavator

作　　者：侯鹏龙 陆凤仪[1] 徐格宁[1] 马治宁 

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2018年第1期118-123,共6页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

摘　　要：普通挖掘机加装倾斜旋转器后,铲斗等属具不仅具有工作装置平面内的运动,且有偏离平面内的运动,从而挖掘机工作装置不再是平面运动机构。另外,以往对挖掘机工作装置力学分析时是将横向力和切向挖掘力分开考虑,而实际工作中挖掘力是一个三维力,特别是加装倾斜旋转器后。为此,根据理论力学中空间力系平衡和矩阵理论的运算法则,采用划分杆组法,建立安装倾斜旋转器后的挖掘机工作装置力学模型,通过理论推导,得到一种能适用于空间受力分析的计算方法和计算流程,以解决挖掘机工作装置中不同部件受力分析问题。通过计算铲斗杆组的铰点力并与传统平面受力分析结果比较,结果表明,该计算方法正确,且能兼容平面受力分析。When common excavator is equipped with a tilted rotator, accessories such as bucket not only move in the plane but also tend to deviate from the plane. Thus, the working device of the excavator is not simply a planar motion mechanism. In addition, former mechanical analysis of the working device of the excavator takes lateral force and tangential digging force separately, while the digging force is actually a three-dimensional force, especially after the tilted rotator is added. For this reason, a mechanical model of the excavator working device installed with tilted rotator is established by using bar group classifying method based on the algorithms of the equilibrium of space force system and matrix theory in theoretical mechanics, and a calculation method and calculation flow suitable for spatial stress analysis are obtained through theoretical derivation to analyze the stress on different components of the working device. According to the calculation of hinge force of bucket bar group and comparison with the results of traditional plane stress analysis, the calculation method is correct and compatible with plane stress analysis.

关 键 词：挖掘机 工作装置 空间受力 分析 

分 类 号：U415.511[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]