应急知识库系统构建的关键问题与模块划分研究  

Critical Issues and Module Division in the Construction of Emergency Knowledge Base System

作　　者：李纲[1] 徐健[1] 巴志超 刘学太 安璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学信息资源研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2018年第3期123-128,共6页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"突发公共卫生事件社交媒体信息主题演化与影响力建模"(项目编号:71603189)的成果之一

摘　　要：[目的/意义]应急知识库构建是突发事件处置中重要一环,不仅可以实现相关知识的保存,还可为应急决策过程提供智慧支持,提高应急响应的效率与科学性,从而降低突发事件造成的损失与负面影响。[方法/过程]在分析知识库在应急知识流传播过程中作用的基础上,界定应急知识库的功能,总结应急知识库构建过程中所面临的关键问题,从流程化的视角设计知识库系统的模块结构与功能。[结果/结论]应急知识需求与来源分析、知识表示与组织、应急知识服务方式是知识库构建过程中要解决的3个关键问题。应急知识库系统应由应急知识获取、应急知识存储、应急知识应用和系统管理4个模块组成。[Purpose/significance] Constructing the knowledge base system for emergency response is important for handling emergencies,which can not only store the relative knowledge but also provide support for emergency response decision-making. On this basis,the efficiency and scientificity of emergency response can be improved,and the negative influence and damage of the emergencies can be minimized. [Method/process] Based on analyzing the roles of knowledge base in the propagation process of emergency knowledge flow,the paper defines the functions of the knowledge base for emergency response,sums up the key issues to construct the knowledge base, and designs the modules ＇ structure and function of knowledge base from the perspective of process. [Result/conclusion] The three key issues of constructing knowledge base are demand and source analysis of emergency knowledge,knowledge representation and organization,and knowledge service. Emergency knowledge base system is composed by four modules： knowledge acquisition,knowledge storage,knowledge applications,and system management.

关 键 词：知识库 应急知识库 系统构建 应急响应 

分 类 号：G250.74[文化科学—图书馆学]