特厚煤层近断层开采覆岩破坏移动特征  

Damage Movement Characteristics of Overlying Strata in Near-fault Mining of Extra-thick Coal Seam

作　　者：曹海东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院,北京100013 [2]中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2018年第2期47-50,共4页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0501104;2016YFC0600708)

摘　　要：以辽宁抚顺矿区某煤矿实际地层开采为研究背景,进行巨型逆断层下盘向斜一翼区域特厚煤层近断层开采覆岩破坏变化特征的分析。基于覆岩空间结构思想,通过覆岩空间状态结构失稳分析断层受开挖采动影响,运用相似实验分析宏观变化,验证了理论分析的合理性。结果表明:覆岩在开采过程中不只有竖直方向破损下沉,水平方向更容易沿倾向产生滑移,拉张区易形成空腔结构,压缩区易形成屋脊状支撑产生二次跨落。在煤层开采距离断层由远及近的过程中,断层滑移呈现"稳态-动态-稳态"三阶段的变化规律,当断层活化以后断层开裂程度随地层深度增加呈现"宽-窄"两层位的变化规律。Based on the study of the actual strata mining in a coal mine in Fushun Mining Area of Liaoning province, the characteristics of the overburden failure of the near-fault mining in thick coal seam of the giant reverse fault are analyzed. Based on the spatial structure idea of overlying strata, the influence of excavation mining was analyzed by the instability on the spatial state structure of the overburden. The similarity experiment was used to analyze the macroscopic changes and verify the rationality of the theory. The results show that the overburden is not only broken in the vertical direction, but also tends to slip along the inclination in the horizontal direction. The tension zone is easy to form the cavity structure, and the compression zone is easy to form the ridge support. In the process of coal seam mining distance away the fault from the far to near, the fault slip shows a steady state to dynamic to steady state three-phase change law; the degree of fault crack increases with the depth of strata and presents the variation rule of＂wide-narrow＂after the fault activation.

关 键 词：断层 特厚煤层 覆岩移动 向斜 破坏特征 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]