高性能纤维表面改性及其双马树脂基复合材料界面  

Surface Modification of High Performance Fibers and Interfacial Properties of Their Reinforced Bismaleimide Resin Matrix Composites

作　　者：陈平[1] 于祺[2] 熊需海[2] 刘东[1] 刘哲[1] 贾彩霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]精细化工国家重点实验室大连理工大学化工学院,大连116024 [2]先进聚合物基复合材料辽宁省重点实验室沈阳航空航天大学,沈阳110136

出　　处：《高分子学报》2018年第3期323-335,共13页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国防基础科研重点项目(项目号A35201XXXXX);国家自然科学基金重点项目(基金号10835004);国家自然科学基金(基金号51303106);辽宁省重点科技攻关项目(项目号2007403009);辽宁省优秀人才基金(基金号LR2013002);辽宁省高等学校重点实验室基础研究项目(项目号LZ2015057);三束材料改性教育部重点实验室创新基金(基金号LABKF1502)资助项目

摘　　要：采用电感耦合射频等离子体(ICP)和介质阻挡放电(DBD)低温等离子体对高性能连续纤维表面进行改性,分别采用X光电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和动态接触角测定仪(DCA)等分析测试手段系统地研究了等离子体处理时间、放电功率、放电气压等对连续碳纤维、聚苯并二噁唑(PBO)纤维改性处理前后,纤维表面状态、表面组成、表面形貌、浸润性能的变化规律以及经等离子体处理前后纤维增强双马树脂基复合材料界面结构与性能的影响关系及变化规律、复合材料界面粘结和破坏机理.研究结果表明,经过等离子体处理后,纤维表面接枝上了大量的含羧基、羟基等极性官能团,表面粗糙度增加,表面自由能增加,纤维浸润性能得到明显改善,导致纤维与双马树脂基体界面层间剪切强度(ILSS)明显提高,复合材料的破坏模式由未处理的界面脱粘破坏转变为等离子体处理后的树脂基体破坏.最后,对纤维表面时效性及其对纤维增强双马树脂基复合材料界面性能的影响关系也进行了论述.Surface modification of high-performance continuous fibers was carried out by inductively coupled plasma（ICP） and dielectric barrier discharge（DBD） cold plasma, respectively. The effects of treatment time, discharge power and pressure on the chemical composition, morphology and wetting ability of the fiber surface were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, atomic force microscopy（AFM） and dynamic contact angle analysis（DCA）. The relationship between interface structure and interfacial adhesion, and the failure mechanism of the fibers reinforced bismaleimide（BMI） composites were discussed. The results indicated that the treatment of PBO fibers by O_2, Ar and mixed O_2/Ar ICP, respectively, would result in the decomposition of the phenyl rings and oxazole moieties on the fiber surface, along with the formation of some polar groups and active groups, such as ester bonds, amide bonds and free radicals. Sputtering and etching of plasma also brought about a rough morphology for fiber surface. The modification effect by Ar ICP was better than that by O_2 ICP, and O_2/Ar ICP presented the best activation effect on the chemical compositions of PBO surface due to the synergy effect. The optimum ratio of O_2/Ar mixture was 40%-60% of O_2 content. The interlaminar shear strength（ILSS） of PBO/BMI composite treated with O_2/Ar ICP was 61.6 MPa, an increase by 38.1% compared with that of the untreated samples. The DBD plasma also improved the polarity, reactivity and the morphology of the PBO fiber surface. The effect of enhancement in ILSS values of PBO/BMI composites treated by O_2 DBD was better in comparison with that treated by air DBD. The ILSS value was increased to 57.1 MPa at 12 s when treated at 30 W/cm^3 by air DBD plasma, while that of PBO/BMI composites treated by oxy-DBD plasma under the same condition was 62 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM） micrographs demonstrated that the fracture failure mechanism of PBO/BMI composites treated by ICP or DBD plasma shifted

关 键 词：连续纤维 等离子体处理技术 复合材料界面 纤维表面改性 界面结构与性能 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]