我国转基因知识产权的保护和利用:问题与政策建议  

The Protection and Utilization of Transgenic Intellectual Property Rights in China: Problems and Suggestions

作　　者：蔡金阳[1] 胡瑞法[1] 黄季焜 王晓兵 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学管理与经济学院,北京100081 [2]北京大学现代农学院,北京100871

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2018年第5期173-179,共7页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"转基因科研人员的知识产权保护和利用行为研究"(71403019);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目"农作物转基因技术的研发;管理及相关政策研究"(71210004)

摘　　要：利用197家科研单位493个研究团队的调查数据,研究了我国科研人员对知识产权的认知、保护和利用问题。研究表明:科研人员对他人基因和技术知识产权的了解比例分别为72%和61%。虽然在研发过程中对78%的技术未采取规避措施,但是科研人员通过协议利用等方式合法利用他人基因和技术专利的比例分别高达88%和70%。研究发现当涉及到商业利益时,科研人员更关注对他人知识产权的了解和合法利用问题。建议政府加大对知识产权的保护和利用力度,公共科研单位应建立专门从事知识产权的管理部门,从而避免可能存在的知识产权纠纷。Using the data from 493 research teams in 197 research institutes, we analyze scientists＇ knowledge, protection and utilization of intellectual property. The results suggest that： the percentage of scientists＇ awareness of the patent status of externally sourced genes and research tools was 72% and 61%, respectively. Although scientists didn＇t circumvent 78% of research tools during their researches, the legal use of external sourced genes and research tools through protocol uses reached 88% and 70%, respectively. We also find that scientists with a strong mandate of generating genetically modified crops for commercialization had better knowledge and paid more attention to the patent status of externally sourced genes and research tools. In order to avoid potential dispute in intellectual property,the government should enhance the protection and utilization of intellectual property and establish the technology transfer office in the pubhc research institutes.

关 键 词：转基因 知识产权 保护 利用 

分 类 号：F310[经济管理—产业经济]