尊村引黄灌区果树畦田规格优化  

Analysis on Optimization of Fruit Border Size in Zuncun Yellow River District

作　　者：姚欣[1,2] 李金山 黄修桥[1] 孙秀路[1] 韩启彪 陈震[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/河南省节水农业重点实验室,河南新乡453002 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2018年第3期96-102,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD20B03);中国农业科学院科技创新工程团队"节水高效灌溉技术与设备"项目

摘　　要：【目的】提高引黄灌区的灌水效果,探究灌区适宜的畦田规格。【方法】在尊村引黄灌区开展畦灌试验,研究了引黄畦灌田间水流推进与消退规律,结合田间实测数据,采用数值模拟的方法分析了灌水结果,优化了灌区的畦田规格。【结果】尊村引黄灌区内的超长畦田的灌水效率并不能完全满足节水灌溉要求,同时也存在多灌或少灌以及田间管理困难问题。Win SRFR软件模拟结果表明,对于超长畦田,畦田越长,越难满足节水灌溉要求。【结论】结合引黄灌区的实际情况,在不改变土地权属现状的条件下,通过软件模拟得出了针对尊村引黄灌区果树畦灌超长畦田的优化设计规格,即畦田宽度为2 m时,长度范围为280~340 m;畦田宽度3 m,畦田长度240~270 m;畦田宽度4 m,畦田长度170~240 m;畦田宽度5 m,畦田长度130~170 m;畦田宽度6 m,畦田长度110~140 m。[Objective] Attempt to explore the quality of border irrigation and the best border check specifications in Zuncun in Yellow River irrigation district. [Method] A field experiment was conducted from May 2015 to December 2016 at the irrigation area in Shanxi Province. The technique applied was referred to as border irrigation. In this paper, the advance and recession of the irrigation water was recorded. And the irrigation performance was calculated and simulated with WinSRFR4.1, a software for simulating surface irrigation system. [Result] The re- sults showed that irrigation efficiency and irrigation uniformity cannot satisfied the requirement of water saving, and the shortage of irrigation and the excessive irrigation was common in the irrigation area. Simulation results showed that the longer the boder length the more difficult it is to meet the requirements of water saving irrigation. [Conclusion] Then the paper concludes with new border dimensions to improve the quality of irrigation, as follows： the width is 2 meters, the length is 280-340 meters; the width is 3 meters, the length is 240-270 meters; the width is 4 meters, the length is 170-240 meters; the width is 5 meters, the length is 130-170 meters; the width is 6 meters, the length is 110-140 meters. The results have theoretical value for border irrigation and have practical value for water management in Zuncun Yellow River District.

关 键 词：引黄灌区 哇灌 超长畦田 哇田规格 WinSRFR 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]