论中国封建报刊近代化嬗演进路的历史特征及其现实观照  

On the Historical Characteristics and Realistic Reflection of the Evolving Process from Chinese Ancient Newspapers to Modern Newspapers

作　　者：施欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学历史文化学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《高校社科动态》2018年第1期18-33,43,共17页Social Sciences Perspectives in Higher Education

摘　　要：翻检与探賾中国古代报刊的历史脉络与发展进程不难发现:中国古代新闻事业历史漫长、报刊活动长期存在,成为"大一统"封建国家维护牢固统治秩序的得力助手与有效工具;受封建制度与顽固势力的严重禁锢,封建时代不具备近代报刊的生存环境与进化条件,始终难以自然向近代化报刊演进;封建时代报刊的主导权牢牢掌握与控制在封建统治者手中,并成为其独享的封建特权,他们一直将大众排除在阅读对象的范围之外;晚清时期的封建官报依然没能顺利过渡到近代报刊,它们反而成为维新变法与革命斗争事业的绊脚石、社会进步的拦路虎。通过对我国整个封建报刊发展历程及其办报实践的回溯与探析,检视与探究其未能自然演变为近代报刊的深层次、多维度的各种原因以及其未能向近代化程途嬗进与衍化的诸多制约性因素,得出对当前报纸鼎革、报企转型及报业升级的有益启示、切合思路与现实镜鉴。It is not difficult to find out the following facts from exploring the history and development process of ancient Chinese newspapers. Chinese ancient journalism and press had a long history and they became good assistants and effective tools of ＂Grand U- nification＂ feudal states to maintain the firm order. There were no proper conditions for modern newspapers in feudal times due to the severe imprisonment of the feudal system. Therefore, the ancient newspapers are difficult to evolve into modern newspapers. The dominance of the newspapers in feudal times were in the hands of feudal rulers, and these newspapers became their exclusive feudal privileges. Common people were excluded from reading them. In the late Qing Dynasty, the ancient newspapers were still not able to e- volve into modern newspapers. They even became the obstacles in the reform of 1898, revolutionary struggles and social progress. Through looking back and analyzing the development of China＇s ancient newspapers during the whole feudal period and practices in running newspapers, exploring the various reasons and many condition- ing factors in why ancient newspapers did not evolve into modern newspapers, we can have some useful enlightenments, relevant ideas and reference meanings in the current reformation of newspapers and newspaper companies~ transformation and upgrading.

关 键 词：古代报刊 嬗演进路 近代化历程 特征 启示 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]